Dataset Information

Sex differences in osteoporosis self-efficacy among community-residing older adults presenting for DXA.

ABSTRACT: The Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale was determined to equivalently measure calcium and exercise beliefs in both sexes. Despite data illustrating men's and women's similar self-efficacy, gender differences in clinical predictors of self-efficacy imply that efforts to improve care must account for more than self-efficacy.Introduction: To understand the extent to which the Osteoporosis Self Efficacy (OSE) Scale is reliable for both men and women. A secondary objective was to evaluate sex differences in OSE.

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data collected as part of the Patient Activation after DXA Result Notification (PAADRN) pragmatic trial which enrolled 7749 community-residing adults aged 50 and older reporting for bone densitometry. We used univariable methods, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and linear regression to evaluate sex differences in OSE responses and measurement.

Results: In this sample, the confirmatory factor analysis model for OSE both overall and within groups indicated a poor fit. The sex differences in the measurement model, however, were minor and reflected configural invariance (i.e., constructs were measuring the same things in both men and women), confirming that the OSE was measuring the same constructs in men and women. Men overall had higher exercise self-efficacy and women higher calcium self-efficacy. Overall, education, hip fracture, and self-reported health status predicted exercise self-efficacy whereas prior DXA, self-reported osteoporosis, and history of pharmacotherapy use did not. Predictors of calcium self-efficacy differed by gender.

Conclusion: The OSE can be used to measure calcium and exercise self-efficacy in all older adults. However, gender differences in clinical predictors of self-efficacy and the lack of an association of prior DXA with self-efficacy imply that interventions to improve self-efficacy may be insufficient to drive significant improvement in rates of osteoporosis evaluation and treatment.

Trial registration: Patient Activation after DXA Result Notification (PAADRN), NCT01507662, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01507662.

SUBMITTER: Solimeo SL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7720864 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sex differences in osteoporosis self-efficacy among community-residing older adults presenting for DXA.

Solimeo S L SL Nguyen V-T T VT Edmonds S W SW Lou Y Y Roblin D W DW Saag K G KG Cram P P Wolinsky F D FD

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 20190130 5

The Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale was determined to equivalently measure calcium and exercise beliefs in both sexes. Despite data illustrating men's and women's similar self-efficacy, gender differences in clinical predictors of self-efficacy imply that efforts to improve care must account for more than self-efficacy.<h4>Introduction</h4>To understand the extent to which the Osteoporosis Self Efficacy (OSE) Scale is reliable for both men and women. A secondary objective was to evaluate sex di ...[more]

PMID: 30701343

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:Prompt diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a challenge, with presenting symptoms affecting the diagnosis algorithm and, consequently, management and outcomes. This study aimed to identify sex differences in presenting symptoms of ACS. DESIGN:Data were collected within a prospective cohort study (EPIHeart). SETTING:Patients with confirmed diagnosis of type 1 (primary spontaneous) ACS who were consecutively admitted to the Cardiology Department of two tertiary hospitals in Portugal between August 2013 and December 2014. PARTICIPANTS:Presenting symptoms of 873 patients (227 women) were obtained through a face-to-face interview. OUTCOME MEASURES:Typical pain was defined according to the definition of cardiology societies. Clusters of symptoms other than pain were identified by latent class analysis. Logistic regression was used to quantify differences in presentation of ACS symptoms by sex. RESULTS:Chest pain was reported by 82% of patients, with no differences in frequency or location between sexes. Women were more likely to feel pain with an intensity higher than 8/10 and this association was stronger for patients aged under 65 years (interaction P=0.028). Referred pain was also more likely in women, particularly pain referred to typical and atypical locations simultaneously. The multiple symptoms cluster, which was characterised by a high probability of presenting with all symptoms, was almost fourfold more prevalent in women (3.92, 95% CI 2.21 to 6.98). Presentation with this cluster was associated with a higher 30-day mortality rate adjusted for the GRACE V.2.0 risk score (4.9% vs 0.9% for the two other clusters, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:While there are no significant differences in the frequency or location of pain between sexes, women are more likely to feel pain of higher intensity and to present with referred pain and symptoms other than pain. Knowledge of these ACS presentation profiles is important for health policy decisions and clinical practice.

Project description:UnlabelledIndividuals with HIV are at increased risk for osteoporosis and fracture. Using the Health Beliefs Model, we identified key relationships between knowledge, self-efficacy and health beliefs pertaining to physical activity and dietary calcium intake, two key modifiable preventive measures for osteoporosis.PurposeIndividuals with HIV are at increased risk for osteoporosis and fracture. Few studies have systematically explored concerns related to osteoporosis prevention among this group. Applying the Health Beliefs Model (HBM), we examined associations between osteoporosis-related preventive health behaviors (i.e., physical exercise and dietary intake) and knowledge, self-efficacy and health beliefs in a large cohort of Chinese individuals with HIV.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with participants from an ongoing multi-center trial. Volunteers completed a questionnaire consisting of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), a calcium and vitamin D intake assessment, the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test, Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale, Osteoporosis Health Beliefs Scale, and relevant sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.ResultsA total of 263 of 297 eligible participants enrolled in this study. Mean age of participants was 38.4 ± 9.8 years, average BMI was 21.6 ± 2.6 kg/m(2), and 76 % were men. About 30 % of the sample reported low physical activity. Consumption of foods from each calcium and vitamin D-rich category averaged between multiple times per month to weekly. Knowledge regarding osteoporosis was universally low and self-efficacy correlated directly with engagement in preventive behaviors. Women and individuals with lower education perceived greater barriers to adopting preventive behaviors. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, sex and BMI showed that calcium and vitamin D intake was directly correlated with knowledge and self-efficacy, whereas physical activity correlated with manual labor occupation, perceived barriers to exercise and health motivation.ConclusionsBehavioral frameworks such as the HBM may provide important insight into promoting adoption and maintenance of osteoporosis-related preventive behaviors among individuals with HIV.

Dataset Information

Sex differences in osteoporosis self-efficacy among community-residing older adults presenting for DXA.

Publications

Sex differences in osteoporosis self-efficacy among community-residing older adults presenting for DXA.

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