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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland of Yak During Lactation and Dry Period.

ABSTRACT: The mammary gland is a remarkably dynamic organ of milk synthesis and secretion, and it experiences drastic structural and metabolic changes during the transition from dry periods to lactation, which involves the expression and regulation of numerous genes and regulatory factors. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has considered as a novel type of regulatory factors involved in a variety of biological processes. However, their role in the lactation cycle of yak is still poorly understood. To reveal the involved mechanism, Ribo-zero RNA sequencing was employed to profile the lncRNA transcriptome in mammary tissue samples from yak at two physiological stages, namely lactation (LP) and dry period (DP). Notably, 1,599 lncRNA transcripts were identified through four rigorous steps and filtered through protein-coding ability. A total of 59 lncRNAs showed significantly different expression between two stages. Accordingly, the results of qRT-PCR were consistent with that of the transcriptome data. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were involved in pathways related to lactation, such as ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids and focal adhesion etc. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA-gene regulatory network containing some well known candidate genes for milk yield and quality traits. This is the first study to demonstrate a global profile of lncRNA expression in the mammary gland of yak. These results contribute to a valuable resource for future genetic and molecular studies on improving milk yield and quality, and help us to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying lactogenesis and mammary gland development of yak.

SUBMITTER: Wu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7723986 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland of Yak During Lactation and Dry Period.

Wu Xiaoyun X Zhou Xuelan X Xiong Lin L Pei Jie J Yao Xixi X Liang Chunnian C Bao Pengjia P Chu Min M Guo Xian X Yan Ping P

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 20201125

The mammary gland is a remarkably dynamic organ of milk synthesis and secretion, and it experiences drastic structural and metabolic changes during the transition from dry periods to lactation, which involves the expression and regulation of numerous genes and regulatory factors. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has considered as a novel type of regulatory factors involved in a variety of biological processes. However, their role in the lactation cycle of yak is still poorly understood. To reveal th ...[more]

PMID: 33324637

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Project description:The objective of this study was to assess the transcriptome of the mammary tissue of four yaks during the whole lactation cycle. For this purpose, biopsies of the mammary gland were performed at -30, -15, 1, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 days relative to parturition (d). The transcriptome analysis was performed using a commercial bovine microarray platform and the results were analyzed using several bioinformatic tools. The statistical analysis using an overall false discovery rate ≤ 0.05 for the effect of whole lactation and p < 0.05 for each comparison identified >6000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) throughout lactation, with a large number of DEGs observed at the onset (1 d vs. -15 d) and at the end of lactation (240 d vs. 180 d). Bioinformatics analysis revealed a major role of genes associated with BTA3, BTA4, BTA6, BTA9, BTA14, and BTA28 in lactation. Functional analysis of DEG underlined an overall induction of lipid metabolism, suggesting an increase in triglycerides synthesis, likely regulated by PPAR signaling. The same analysis revealed an induction of amino acid metabolism and secretion of protein, with a concomitant decrease in proteasome, indicating a major role of amino acid handling and reduced protein degradation in the synthesis and secretion of milk proteins. Glycan biosynthesis was induced for both N-glycan and O-glycan, suggesting increased glycan content in the milk. The cell cycle and immune response, especially antigen processing and presentation, were strongly inhibited during lactation, suggesting that morphological changes are minimized during lactation, while the mammary gland prevents immune hyper-response. Transcripts associated with response to radiation and low oxygen were enriched in the down-regulated DEG affected by the stage of lactation. Except for this last finding, the functions affected by the transcriptomic adaptation to lactation in mammary tissue of yak are very similar to those observed in dairy cows.

Dataset Information

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland of Yak During Lactation and Dry Period.

Publications

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland of Yak During Lactation and Dry Period.

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