Impact of Acute HIV Infection and Early Antiretroviral Therapy on the Human Gut Microbiome.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is evident in chronic HIV-infected individuals and may underlie inflammation that persists even during antiretroviral therapy (ART). It remains unclear, however, how early after HIV infection gut dysbiosis emerges and how it is affected by early ART.Methods
Fecal microbiota were studied by 16s rDNA sequencing in 52 Thai men who have sex with men (MSM), at diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI), Fiebig Stages 1-5 (F1-5), and after 6 months of ART initiation, and in 7 Thai MSM HIV-uninfected controls. Dysbiotic bacterial taxa were associated with relevant inflammatory markers.Results
Fecal microbiota profiling of AHI pre-ART vs HIV-uninfected controls showed a mild dysbiosis. Transition from F1-3 of acute infection was characterized by enrichment in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Lower proportions of Bacteroidetes and higher frequencies of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria members were observed post-ART compared with pre-ART. Fusobacteria members were positively correlated with levels of soluble CD14 in AHI post-ART.Conclusions
Evidence of gut dysbiosis was observed during early acute HIV infection and was partially restored upon early ART initiation. The association of dysbiotic bacterial taxa with inflammatory markers suggests that a potential relationship between altered gut microbiota and systemic inflammation may also be established during AHI.
SUBMITTER: Sortino O
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7724511 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Impact of Acute HIV Infection and Early Antiretroviral Therapy on the Human Gut Microbiome.
Sortino Ornella O Phanuphak Nittaya N Schuetz Alexandra A Ortiz Alexandra M AM Chomchey Nitiya N Belkaid Yasmine Y Davis Jacquice J Mystakelis Harry A HA Quiñones Mariam M Deleage Claire C Ingram Brian B Rerknimitr Rungsun R Pinyakorn Suteeraporn S Rupert Adam A Robb Merlin L ML Ananworanich Jintanat J Brenchley Jason J Sereti Irini I
Open forum infectious diseases 20190821 12
<h4>Background</h4>Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is evident in chronic HIV-infected individuals and may underlie inflammation that persists even during antiretroviral therapy (ART). It remains unclear, however, how early after HIV infection gut dysbiosis emerges and how it is affected by early ART.<h4>Methods</h4>Fecal microbiota were studied by 16s rDNA sequencing in 52 Thai men who have sex with men (MSM), at diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI), Fiebig Stages 1-5 (F1-5), and after 6 months ...[more]
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