Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

25 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Development of the Autonomic Nervous System: Clinical Implications.

ABSTRACT: Investigations of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate the development of the autonomic nervous system have identified critical genes and signaling pathways that, when disrupted, cause disorders of the autonomic nervous system. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the autonomic nervous system emerges from the organized spatial and temporal patterning of precursor cell migration, proliferation, communication, and differentiation, and discusses potential clinical implications for developmental disorders of the autonomic nervous system, including familial dysautonomia, Hirschsprung disease, Rett syndrome, and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Lefcort F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7725441 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Development of the Autonomic Nervous System: Clinical Implications.

Lefcort Frances F

Seminars in neurology 20200914 5

Investigations of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate the development of the autonomic nervous system have identified critical genes and signaling pathways that, when disrupted, cause disorders of the autonomic nervous system. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the autonomic nervous system emerges from the organized spatial and temporal patterning of precursor cell migration, proliferation, communication, and differentiation, and discusses potential clinical i ...[more]

PMID: 32927484

Similar Datasets

Investigating the development of the autonomic nervous system in infancy through pupillometry.

Project description:We aim to investigate early developmental trajectories of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as indexed by the pupillary light reflex (PLR) in infants with (i.e. preterm birth, feeding difficulties, or siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder) and without (controls) increased likelihood for atypical ANS development. We used eye-tracking to capture the PLR in 216 infants in a longitudinal follow-up study spanning 5 to 24 months of age, and linear mixed models to investigate effects of age and group on three PLR parameters: baseline pupil diameter, latency to constriction and relative constriction amplitude. An increase with age was found in baseline pupil diameter (F(3,273.21) = 13.15, p < 0.001, [Formula: see text] = 0.13), latency to constriction (F(3,326.41) = 3.84, p = 0.010, [Formula: see text] = 0.03) and relative constriction amplitude(F(3,282.53) = 3.70, p = 0.012, [Formula: see text] = 0.04). Group differences were found for baseline pupil diameter (F(3,235.91) = 9.40, p < 0.001, [Formula: see text] = 0.11), with larger diameter in preterms and siblings than in controls, and for latency to constriction (F(3,237.10) = 3.48, p = 0.017, [Formula: see text] = 0.04), with preterms having a longer latency than controls. The results align with previous evidence, with development over time that could be explained by ANS maturation. To better understand the cause of the group differences, further research in a larger sample is necessary, combining pupillometry with other measures to further validate its value.

| S-EPMC10008146 | biostudies-literature

Autonomic nervous system control of multiple myeloma.

Project description:The autonomic nervous system (ANS), which consists of antagonistic sympathetic (adrenergic) and parasympathetic (cholinergic) arms, has emerged as an important regulator of neoplastic development, yet little is known about its role in multiple myeloma (MM). Clinical findings that anti-adrenergic β-blocker intake reduces risk of disease-specific death and overall mortality in patients with MM have indicated that adrenergic input may worsen myeloma outcome. However, preclinical studies using β-adrenergic receptor agonists or antagonists produced controversial results as to whether sympathetic pathways promote or inhibit myeloma. Retrospective outcome data demonstrating that high message levels of cholinergic receptor genes predict inferior survival in the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation CoMMpass trial suggest that parasympathetic input may drive myeloma progression in a subset of patients. Here we review the ill-defined role of the ANS in MM, put myeloma in the context of other cancers, and discuss knowledge gaps that may afford exciting research opportunities going forward.

| S-EPMC7876165 | biostudies-literature

Autonomic Nervous System Team-Based Learning Module.

Project description:IntroductionThe team-based learning (TBL) instructional strategy promotes learning and retention, enhances student engagement, allows for a deeper understanding of foundational and applied concepts, and helps students' develop lifelong learning skills. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) TBL was created for first-year medical students in the Neuroscience 1 course at Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine.MethodsThe module covered the pathophysiology of ANS-related diseases and therapeutic agents that impact ANS function. By the conclusion of the module, students were able to diagnose different disease processes of the ANS, identify potential complications, and formulate appropriate management strategies. Four faculty members used backward design to create the ANS TBL. The preparatory assignment included reviewing content from previous didactic lectures and consolidating key information in provided tables. Key concepts were evaluated with readiness assurance tests. All application exercises adhered to the 4 S's.ResultsOver the course of 2 years, the class averages for the individual readiness assurance test were 79.8% and 87.6%. The class averages for the team readiness assurance test and application exercises were similar across both years. Course evaluations revealed that students found the TBL relevant and valuable.DiscussionSimilar TBL modules available on MedEdPORTAL are not integrated to include different aspects of the basic and clinical sciences. This ANS TBL was used to help students integrate several essential concepts, including neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, and clinical neurology. Students were very enthusiastic and engaged throughout the ANS TBL as it contained relevant case-based scenarios with questions that were meaningful for clinical practice.

| S-EPMC6440417 | biostudies-literature

Expression data from rat regenerating livers after autonomic nervous system is disrupted

Project description:Autonomic nervous system is widely distributed in liver, and some reserchers have found that disruppted autonomic nerves will delay liver regeneration. We used microarrays to further highlight the regulatory role of autonomic nervous system in liver regeneration at gene transcription level. Surgical operations of rat partial hepatectomy (PH) and its operation control (OC), sympathectomy combining partial hepatectomy (SPH), vagotomy combining partial hepatectomy (VPH), and total liver denervation combining partial hepatectomy (TDPH) were performed, and the expression profiles of regenerating liver at 2h were detected using Rat Genome 230 2.0 array. Then the significantly changed genes related to liver regeneration (LR)-, injury-, splanchnic nerve-LR-, vagal nerve-LR-, and autonomic nerve-LR-related genes were identified, respectively. The relevance of gene expression profiles and biological processes was analyzed by bioinformatics and systems biology.

2010-12-18 | E-GEOD-26138 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Autonomic nervous system involvement in the giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) KO mouse: implications for human disease.

Project description:PurposeGiant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is an inherited severe sensorimotor neuropathy. The aim of this research was to investigate the neuropathologic features and clinical autonomic nervous system (ANS) phenotype in two GAN knockout (KO) mouse models. Little is known about ANS involvement in GAN in humans, but autonomic signs and symptoms are commonly reported in early childhood.MethodsRoutine histology and immunohistochemistry was performed on GAN KO mouse specimens taken at various ages. Enteric dysfunction was assessed by quantifying the frequency, weight, and water content of defecation in GAN KO mice.ResultsHistological examination of the enteric, parasympathetic and sympathetic ANS of GAN KO mice revealed pronounced and widespread neuronal perikaryal intermediate filament inclusions. These neuronal inclusions served as an easily identifiable, early marker of GAN in young GAN KO mice. Functional studies identified an age-dependent alteration in fecal weight and defecation frequency in GAN KO mice.ConclusionsFor the first time in the GAN KO mouse model, we described the early, pronounced and widespread neuropathologic features involving the ANS. In addition, we provided evidence for a clinical autonomic phenotype in GAN KO mice, reflected in abnormal gastrointestinal function. These findings in GAN KO mice suggest that consideration should be given to ANS involvement in human GAN, especially when considering treatments and patient care.

| S-EPMC5057391 | biostudies-literature

Autonomic nervous system involvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Project description:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic pulmonary vascular disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) leading to right ventricular (RV) failure. Autonomic nervous system involvement in the pathogenesis of PAH has been demonstrated several years ago, however the extent of this involvement is not fully understood. PAH is associated with increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation, decreased heart rate variability, and presence of cardiac arrhythmias. There is also evidence for increased renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation in PAH patients associated with clinical worsening. Reduction of neurohormonal activation could be an effective therapeutic strategy for PAH. Although therapies targeting adrenergic receptors or RAAS signaling pathways have been shown to reverse cardiac remodeling and improve outcomes in experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH)-models, the effectiveness and safety of such treatments in clinical settings have been uncertain. Recently, novel direct methods such as cervical ganglion block, pulmonary artery denervation (PADN), and renal denervation have been employed to attenuate SNS activation in PAH. In this review, we intend to summarize the multiple aspects of autonomic nervous system involvement in PAH and overview the different pharmacological and invasive strategies used to target autonomic nervous system for the treatment of PAH.

| S-EPMC5715548 | biostudies-literature

Central- and autonomic nervous system coupling in schizophrenia.

Project description:The autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction has been well described in schizophrenia (SZ), a severe mental disorder. Nevertheless, the coupling between the ANS and central brain activity has been not addressed until now in SZ. The interactions between the central nervous system (CNS) and ANS need to be considered as a feedback-feed-forward system that supports flexible and adaptive responses to specific demands. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, this study investigates central-autonomic couplings (CAC) studying heart rate, blood pressure and electroencephalogram in paranoid schizophrenic patients, comparing them with age-gender-matched healthy subjects (CO). The emphasis is to determine how these couplings are composed by the different regulatory aspects of the CNS-ANS. We found that CAC were bidirectional, and that the causal influence of central activity towards systolic blood pressure was more strongly pronounced than such causal influence towards heart rate in paranoid schizophrenic patients when compared with CO. In paranoid schizophrenic patients, the central activity was a much stronger variable, being more random and having fewer rhythmic oscillatory components. This study provides a more in-depth understanding of the interplay of neuronal and autonomic regulatory processes in SZ and most likely greater insights into the complex relationship between psychotic stages and autonomic activity.

| S-EPMC4822441 | biostudies-literature

Vitamin D, the autonomic nervous system, and cardiovascular risk.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC4425957 | biostudies-literature

Expression data from rat regenerating livers after autonomic nervous system is disrupted

2010-12-18 | GSE26138 | GEO

The renin-angiotensin system in cardiovascular autonomic control: recent developments and clinical implications.

Project description:Complex and bidirectional interactions between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and autonomic nervous system have been well established for cardiovascular regulation under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Most research to date has focused on deleterious effects of components of the vasoconstrictor arm of the RAS on cardiovascular autonomic control, such as renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone. The recent discovery of prorenin and the prorenin receptor have further increased our understanding of RAS interactions in autonomic brain regions. Therapies targeting these RAS components, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, are commonly used for treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, with blood pressure-lowering effects attributed in part to sympathetic inhibition and parasympathetic facilitation. In addition, a vasodilatory arm of the RAS has emerged that includes angiotensin-(1-7), ACE2, and alamandine, and promotes beneficial effects on blood pressure in part by reducing sympathetic activity and improving arterial baroreceptor reflex function in animal models. The role of the vasodilatory arm of the RAS in cardiovascular autonomic regulation in clinical populations, however, has yet to be determined. This review will summarize recent developments in autonomic mechanisms involved in the effects of the RAS on cardiovascular regulation, with a focus on newly discovered pathways and therapeutic targets for this hormone system.

| S-EPMC6461499 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data