Dataset Information

The Fungal Microbiome and Asthma.

ABSTRACT: Asthma is a group of inflammatory conditions that compromises the airways of a continuously increasing number of people around the globe. Its complex etiology comprises both genetic and environmental aspects, with the intestinal and lung microbiomes emerging as newly implicated factors that can drive and aggravate asthma. Longitudinal infant cohort studies combined with mechanistic studies in animal models have identified microbial signatures causally associated with subsequent asthma risk. The recent inclusion of fungi in human microbiome surveys has revealed that microbiome signatures associated with asthma risk are not limited to bacteria, and that fungi are also implicated in asthma development in susceptible individuals. In this review, we examine the unique properties of human-associated and environmental fungi, which confer them the ability to influence immune development and allergic responses. The important contribution of fungi to asthma development and exacerbations prompts for their inclusion in current and future asthma studies in humans and animal models.

SUBMITTER: van Tilburg Bernardes E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7726317 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Fungal Microbiome and Asthma.

van Tilburg Bernardes Erik E Gutierrez Mackenzie W MW Arrieta Marie-Claire MC

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 20201126

Asthma is a group of inflammatory conditions that compromises the airways of a continuously increasing number of people around the globe. Its complex etiology comprises both genetic and environmental aspects, with the intestinal and lung microbiomes emerging as newly implicated factors that can drive and aggravate asthma. Longitudinal infant cohort studies combined with mechanistic studies in animal models have identified microbial signatures causally associated with subsequent asthma risk. The ...[more]

PMID: 33324573

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Project description:BackgroundNasal microbiota may influence asthma pathobiology.ObjectiveWe sought to characterize the nasal microbiome of subjects with exacerbated asthma, nonexacerbated asthma, and healthy controls to identify nasal microbiota associated with asthma activity.MethodsWe performed 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing on nasal swabs obtained from 72 primarily adult subjects with exacerbated asthma (n = 20), nonexacerbated asthma (n = 31), and healthy controls (n = 21). Analyses were performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial (QIIME); linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe); Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States; and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (PICRUSt); and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP). Species found to be associated with asthma activity were validated using quantitative PCR. Metabolic pathways associated with differentially abundant nasal taxa were inferred through metagenomic functional prediction.ResultsNasal bacterial composition significantly differed among subjects with exacerbated asthma, nonexacerbated asthma, and healthy controls (permutational multivariate ANOVA, P = 2.2 × 10-2). Relative to controls, the nasal microbiota of subjects with asthma were enriched with taxa from Bacteroidetes (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, r = 0.33, P = 5.1 × 10-3) and Proteobacteria (r = 0.29, P = 1.4 × 10-2). Four species were differentially abundant based on asthma status after correction for multiple comparisons: Prevotella buccalis, Padj = 1.0 × 10-2; Dialister invisus, Padj = 9.1 × 10-3; Gardnerella vaginalis, Padj = 2.8 × 10-3; Alkanindiges hongkongensis, Padj = 2.6 × 10-3. These phyla and species were also differentially abundant based on asthma activity (exacerbated asthma vs nonexacerbated asthma vs controls). Quantitative PCR confirmed species overrepresentation in asthma relative to controls for Prevotella buccalis (fold change = 130, P = 2.1 × 10-4) and Gardnerella vaginalis (fold change = 160, P = 6.8 × 10-4). Metagenomic inference revealed differential glycerolipid metabolism (Kruskal-Wallis, P = 1.9 × 10-4) based on asthma activity.ConclusionsNasal microbiome composition differs in subjects with exacerbated asthma, nonexacerbated asthma, and healthy controls. The identified nasal taxa could be further investigated for potential mechanistic roles in asthma and as possible biomarkers of asthma activity.

Dataset Information

The Fungal Microbiome and Asthma.

Publications

The Fungal Microbiome and Asthma.

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