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Biomass potential of novel interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of Saccharum grown in sub-tropical climates.

ABSTRACT: Sugarcane-derived biomass is a promising source of renewable energy to meet the growing demands for biofuel. Currently, modern sugarcane cultivars are unable to provide enough biomass due to their narrow genetic base and susceptibility to abiotic and biotic stresses. We have evaluated total of 23 hybrids derived from diverse genetic backgrounds of different Saccharum spp. and allied genera, one inbred and compared with commercial checks. Intergeneric hybrids (IGHs) KGS 99-100 and GU 04-432, produced significantly higher biomass (43.37 t ha^-1 and 35.24 t ha^-1, respectively) than commercial sugarcane have genes derived from Erianthus arundinaceus. Interspecific hybrids (ISHs) GU 07-3704 and 99-489, also produced significantly higher amounts of biomass (37.24 t ha^-1 and 33.25 t ha^-1, respectively) than commercial checks have genes from S. officinarum and S. spontaneum backgrounds. ISHs recorded significantly higher biomass yield, number of stalks and total dry matter percentage whereas, IGH group recorded significantly higher fibre percent. Furthermore, the clones resistant to red rot and sugarcane borers were identified. The estimated energy value for seven hybrid clones was found to be very high. Cluster analysis of genetic traits revealed two major clusters in traits improving biomass. Our study has revealed that the genetic diversity present in these hybrids could be used for improving biomass production and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in cultivated sugarcanes.

SUBMITTER: Meena MR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7726553 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biomass potential of novel interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of Saccharum grown in sub-tropical climates.

Meena Mintu Ram MR Kumar Ravinder R Ramaiyan Karuppaiyan K Chhabra Manohar Lal ML Raja Arun Kumar AK Krishnasamy Mohanraj M Kulshreshtha Neeraj N Pandey Shashi Kant SK Ram Bakshi B

Scientific reports 20201209 1

Sugarcane-derived biomass is a promising source of renewable energy to meet the growing demands for biofuel. Currently, modern sugarcane cultivars are unable to provide enough biomass due to their narrow genetic base and susceptibility to abiotic and biotic stresses. We have evaluated total of 23 hybrids derived from diverse genetic backgrounds of different Saccharum spp. and allied genera, one inbred and compared with commercial checks. Intergeneric hybrids (IGHs) KGS 99-100 and GU 04-432, prod ...[more]

PMID: 33299008

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Project description:BackgroundEnergy canes are viable feedstocks for biomass industries due to their high biomass production potential, lower susceptibility to insects and diseases, better ability to adapt to extreme conditions and clean bioenergy. Interspecific hybrids (ISH) and intergeneric hybrids (IGH) have great potential to meet the growing demand of biomass, biomass-derived energy and feedstock.ResultsIn this study, two types of energy canes, Type I and Type II, derived from S. spontaneum and E. arundinaceous background were evaluated for high biomass, fiber and bioenergy potential under subtropical climate along with the check varieties Co 0238 and CoS 767. Out of 18 energy canes studied, six energy canes, viz., SBIEC11008 (204.15 t/ha), SBIEC11005 (192.93 t/ha), SBIEC13008 (201.26 t/ha), SBIEC13009 (196.58 t/ha), SBIEC13002 (170.15 t/ha), and SBIEC13007 (173.76 t/ha), consistently outperformed the check varieties under Type-I, whereas in type-II, SBIEC11004 (225.78 t/ha), SBIEC11006 (184.89 t/ha), and SBIEC14006 (184.73 t/ha) energy canes produced significantly higher biomass than commercial checks, indicating their superior potential for cogeneration. Estimated energy output from the energy canes (700-1300 GJ/ha/year) exceeded the range of co-varieties (400-500 GJ/ha/year) and energy utilization efficiency in plants and ratoon crops for energy canes viz., SBIEC11008 (3%, 1.97%), SBIEC14006 (1.93%, 2.4%), SBIEC11005 (1.7%, 1.9%), and SBIEC11001 (1.01%, 1.03%), was higher than best checks Co 0238 (0.77, 0.9%). Additionally, energy canes SBIEC 13001 (22.35%), SBIEC 11008 (22.50%), SBIEC 14006 (28.54%), SBIEC 11004 (30.17%) and SBIEC 11001 (27.03%) had higher fiber contents than the co-varieties (12.45%).ConclusionThe study gives insight about the potential energy canes for higher biomass and energy value. These energy cane presents a vital option to meet the future demand of bioenergy, fiber and fodder for biomass due to their versatile capacity to grow easily under marginal lands without competing with cultivated land worldwide.

Project description:Hybrid breeding has provided an impetus to the process and achievement of a higher yield and quality of crops. Interspecific hybridization is critical for resolving parental genetic diversity bottleneck problems. The reciprocal interspecific hybrids and their parents (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) have been applied in this study to elucidate the transcription regulatory mechanism of early biomass heterosis. Phenotypically, the seed biomass, plant height over parent heterosis, leaf area over parent heterosis, and fresh and dry biomass were found to be significantly higher in hybrids than in parents. Analysis of leaf areas revealed that the one-leaf stage exhibits the most significant performance in initial vegetative growth vigor and larger leaves in hybrids, increasing the synthesis of photosynthesis compounds and enhancing photosynthesis compound synthesis. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that transgressive down-regulation (TDR) is the main gene expression pattern in the hybrids (G. hirsutum × G. barbadense, HB), and it was found that the genes of photosystem I and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding may promote early growth vigor. Transgressive up-regulation (TUR) is the major primary gene expression pattern in the hybrids (G. barbadense × G. hirsutum, BH), and photosystem II-related genes mediated the performance of early biomass heterosis. The above results demonstrated that overdominance mediates biomass heterosis in interspecific hybrid cotton and the supervisory mechanism divergence of hybrids with different females. Photosynthesis and other metabolic process are jointly involved in controlling early biomass heterosis in interspecific hybrid cotton. The expression pattern data of transcriptome sequencing were supported using the qRT-PCR analysis. Our findings could be useful in theoretical and practical studies of early interspecific biomass heterosis, and the results provide potential resources for the theoretical and applied research on early interspecific biomass heterosis.

Dataset Information

Biomass potential of novel interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of Saccharum grown in sub-tropical climates.

Publications

Biomass potential of novel interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of Saccharum grown in sub-tropical climates.

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