Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of frailty in women 60 years old or older.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Background
Prior research has suggested that the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential of fruits and vegetables may ameliorate aging-related frailty.Objective
We sought to prospectively examine the association between fruit and vegetable intake and incident frailty in older women.Design
We followed 78,366 nonfrail women aged ≥60 y from the Nurses' Health Study from 1990 to 2014. In this analysis, the primary exposure was the intake of total fruits and vegetables, assessed with an FFQ administered 6 times during follow-up. Frailty was defined as having ≥3 of the following 5 criteria from the FRAIL scale: fatigue, poor strength, low aerobic capacity, having ≥5 illnesses, and ≥5% weight loss. Cox models adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for the association between fruit and vegetable intake and incident frailty.Results
In total, 12,434 (15.9%) incident frailty cases were accrued during follow-up. Total fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with a lower risk of frailty (adjusted HR comparing 7+ servings/d compared with <3 servings/d: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.99). The inverse association appeared to be stronger for those with physical activity above the median (P-interaction < 0.05). Among physically active women, compared with those who consumed <3 servings/d, the HR for 7+ servings/d was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.81).Conclusion
Higher fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a lower risk of frailty in this cohort of US women aged ≥60 y. Because of limited evidence on intakes of fruits and vegetables and the development of frailty, more data are needed to confirm our results.
SUBMITTER: Fung TT
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7727483 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The importance of vegetable and fruit intakes for the prevention of fracture in older women is not well understood. Few studies have explored vegetable and fruit intakes separately, or the associations of specific types of vegetables and fruits with fracture hospitalisations. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of vegetable and fruit intakes, separately, and specific types of vegetables and fruits with fracture-related hospitalisations in a prospective cohort of women aged ?70 years. Vegetable and fruit intakes were assessed at baseline (1998) in 1468 women using a food frequency questionnaire. The incidence of fracture-related hospitalisations over 14.5 years of follow-up was determined using the Hospital Morbidity Data Collection, linked via the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Fractures were identified in 415 (28.3%) women, of which 158 (10.8%) were hip fractures. Higher intakes of vegetables, but not fruits, were associated with lower fracture incidence. In multivariable-adjusted models for vegetable types, cruciferous and allium vegetables were inversely associated with all fractures, with a hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) of 0.72 (0.54, 0.95) and 0.66 (0.49, 0.88), respectively, for the highest vs. lowest quartiles. Increasing vegetable intake, with an emphasis on cruciferous and allium vegetables, may prevent fractures in older postmenopausal women.
| S-EPMC5452241 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAn adequate magnesium intake might lower the risk of frailty through its role in muscle function.MethodsWe analysed data from 81 524 women aged ≥60 years participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Total magnesium intake was obtained from repeated food frequency questionnaires administered between 1984 and 2010 and self-reported information on supplementation. Frailty was defined as having at least three of the following five FRAIL scale criteria: fatigue, low strength, reduced aerobic capacity, having ≥5 chronic illnesses and weight loss ≥ 5%. The occurrence of frailty was assessed every 4 years from 1992 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for lifestyle factors, medication use and dietary factors were used to assess the association between magnesium intake and frailty.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 16 years, we identified 15 477 incident cases of frailty. Women with a higher intake of total energy-adjusted magnesium had a decreased risk of frailty after adjustment for lifestyle factors, medication use and dietary factors. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for Quintile 5 (Q5) versus Quintile 1 (Q1) was 0.88 (0.82, 0.94) (P-trend < 0.001). When only energy-adjusted magnesium from the diet was considered, the inverse association was stronger (Q5 vs. Q1: 0.68 [0.56, 0.82]; P-trend < 0.001). Those reaching the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of magnesium through diet had a 14% (9%, 19%) lower risk of frailty compared with those not meeting the RDA.ConclusionsIncreased intake of foods rich in magnesium was associated with a decreased risk of frailty.
| S-EPMC11294045 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As Thailand moves toward an aging society, frailty has become a concern amongst northern Thai elderly. The causes of frailty are multifactorial and include genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors; diet is of particular interest. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2017 to investigate what kind of diets normally consumed by 350 Thai elders were associated with frailty using a questionnaire and frailty determination by Fried’s phenotype followed by phytochemical analyses of the diets. The multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive association between certain foods and lower frailty. Guava fruit and Acacia pennata vegetable consumption had lower odds of frailty, which were 0.52 times (95% CI 0.28−0.96, p = 0.037) and 0.42 times (95% CI 0.21−0.83, p = 0.012) when adjusted for the potential confounders. The phytochemical analyses of guava fruit showed a significantly higher amount of total flavonoids (p < 0.001), total phenolic compounds (p = 0.002), and antioxidant capacity, including DPPH (p < 0.001), ABTS (p < 0.001), and FRAP (p = 0.002) when compared to those of banana. Acacia pennata vegetable contained a significantly higher amount of total phenolic compounds (p = 0.012) when compared to those of lettuce. These findings may assist in health promotion programs of frailty prevention by encouraging an increase in consumption of either guava fruit or Acacia pennata vegetable among Thai elderly.
| S-EPMC8954598 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Diet rich in fruits and vegetables (F&V) is an established protective factor for hypertension, but the available evidence regarding the impact of F&V consumption on age-related blood pressure change is limited. We examined whether systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure trajectories are influenced by F&V intakes in an ageing Russian cohort. Dietary data was available for 8997 men and women in the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe prospective cohort study. Blood pressure measurements were taken at three time-points over 12 years of follow-up, during which time the mean age of the sample changed from 58 to 69 years. The relationships between F&V intake and SBP and DBP were assessed using mixed-effect multilevel models. In the multivariable adjusted models, fruit intake was inversely related to both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at baseline (mean SBP and DBP was 3.5?mmHg and 1.4?mm?Hg lower in the highest compared to the lowest intake tertiles, respectively (both p values?<?0.001)). However, it was not associated with blood pressure change over time (difference in annual SBP and DBP change was 0.11?mmHg (p value?=?0.138) and 0.01?mmHg (p value?=?0.894), respectively). We found no significant link between vegetable intake and blood pressure, neither cross-sectionally nor longitudinally. In addition to the association with diet, we observed increasing SBP and mostly steady DBP over age, with deceleration and downward turn after the ages of 55-59 years. On the whole, this analysis found no consistent association between F&V intake and trajectories of blood pressure in older age.
| S-EPMC6760602 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThere is evidence that an overall healthy diet is associated with lower risk of frailty. However, the effect of diet composition, specifically the role of protein intake on frailty, is mostly unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of protein, including total, plant, animal, and dairy protein, in relation to frailty incidence in a large cohort of older women.MethodsWe analysed data from 85 871 women aged ≥60 participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Intake of protein was measured nine times during follow-up from 1980 until 2010. Frailty was defined as having at least three of the following five criteria from the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss of Weight (FRAIL) scale: fatigue, low strength, reduced aerobic capacity, having ≥5 illnesses, and weight loss of ≥5%. The occurrence of frailty was assessed every 4 years from 1992 up to 2014.ResultsDuring follow-up, we identified 13 279 incident cases of frailty. Women with a higher intake of plant protein had a lower risk of developing frailty after adjustment for all relevant confounders [relative risks across quintiles of consumption: 1.00, 0.94, 0.89, 0.86, and 0.86; P-trend < 0.001]. In contrast, those with a higher intake of animal protein intake had a higher risk of frailty [relative risks across quintiles of consumption: 1.00, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, and 1.07; P-trend 0.04]. The intake of total and dairy protein showed no significant association with frailty in the full model. Substituting 5% of energy from plant protein intake at the expense of animal protein, dairy protein, or non-dairy animal protein was associated with 38% (29%, 47%), 32% (21%, 42%), and 42% (33%, 50%) reduced risk of frailty.ConclusionsA higher intake of plant protein, but not animal or dairy protein, was associated with a lower risk of frailty. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein, especially non-dairy animal protein, was associated with lower risk of frailty.
| S-EPMC9178161 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo estimate daily fruit and vegetable intakes and to investigate socio-economic and behavioural differences in fruit and vegetable consumption among urban Moroccan women.DesignA cross-sectional survey. Fruit and vegetable intake was measured with a single 24 h recall.SettingsA representative population-based survey conducted in the area of Rabat-Salé.SubjectsWomen (n 894) of child-bearing age (20-49 years).ResultsMean fruit and vegetable intake was 331 g/d (155 g/d for fruit and 176 g/d for vegetables). Only one-third (32.1 %) of women consumed ≥ 400 g/d and half the sample (50.6 %) were considered as low consumers, i.e. <280 g/d. Women of higher economic status ate significantly more fruit (P<0.05) and more fruit and vegetables combined (P<0.05). Women ate significantly less vegetables if they ate out of home more often or skipped at least one main meal (breakfast, lunch or dinner) or ate more processed foods (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Fruit and vegetable diversity was not associated with any of the factors investigated.ConclusionsIn this population, fruit and vegetable intakes are driven by different determinants. Indeed, while vegetable consumption was related only to behavioural determinants, fruit consumption was influenced only by economic status. Therefore, programmes promoting fruit and vegetable intake would be more effective if they account for these specific determinants in their design.
| S-EPMC10271206 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSeveral prospective Western studies have reported an inverse association of vegetable and fruit intake with dementia risk. However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence in Asians. This study investigated the association of intakes of vegetables, fruits, and their nutrients on the risk of incident dementia and its subtypes in a Japanese community.MethodsA total of 1071 participants (452 men and 619 women) aged ≥60 years without dementia at baseline were prospectively followed up for 24 years. Intakes of vegetables, fruits, and nutrients were evaluated using a 70-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and were categorized into quartiles separately by gender. The outcome measure was the development of dementia and its subtypes-namely, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). The risk estimates of incident dementia were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsDuring the long-term follow-up period, 464 subjects developed dementia, of whom 286 had AD and 144 had VaD. Higher vegetable intake was associated gradually with lower risk of developing dementia and AD (both P-trend < 0.05), but not VaD, after adjusting for confounders. Subjects allocated the highest quartile of vegetable intake had 27 and 31% lower risk of dementia and AD, respectively, than those with the lowest quartile. The risk of dementia decreased significantly with higher intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, and potassium (all P-trend < 0.05). Subjects with higher total dietary fiber intake tended to be at decreased risk for total dementia (P-trend = 0.07). Meanwhile, there were no significant associations between fruit intake and the risk of dementia and its subtypes.ConclusionHigher intakes of vegetables and their constituent nutrients were associated with a lower risk of dementia in Japanese older adults. A diet rich in vegetables may be beneficial in reducing the dementia risk in Asians.
| S-EPMC8962464 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We aimed to determine whether intake of pesticide residues from fruits and vegetables was associated with glioma. Within 3 prospective cohorts from 1998-2016-the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study-we computed multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (MVHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for glioma by quintiles of intake of low- and high-pesticide-residue fruits and vegetables using Cox proportional hazards regression. Fruits and vegetables were categorized as high or low residue using a validated method based on pesticide surveillance data. We confirmed 275 glioma cases across 2,745,862 person-years. A significant association was observed between intake of high-residue fruits and vegetables and glioma in NHS (MVHR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.38, 6.44 comparing highest with lowest quintile, P for trend = 0.02). This was not identified in NHSII (MVHR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.19, 1.45, P for trend = 0.20) or Health Professionals Follow-up Study (MVHR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.42, 2.45, P for trend = 0.39). No significant associations were observed by intake of low-residue fruits and vegetables; overall intake was not significantly associated with glioma in any cohort. We found no evidence for an inverse relationship of fruit and vegetable intake with glioma. Although limited in power, this study suggests a possible association between fruit-and-vegetable pesticide residue intake and risk of glioma that merits further study.
| S-EPMC9430420 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study investigates the relationship between diet quality and weight gain in young women. Young women (n = 4,287, with 1,356 women identified as plausible subsample aged 27.6?±?1.5 years at baseline) sampled from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health study completed food frequency questionnaires in 2003, which were used to evaluate diet quality using three indices: Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS), Australian Diet Quality Index (Aus-DQI), and Fruit and Vegetable Index (FAVI). Weight was self-reported in 2003 and 2009. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the association between tertiles of each diet quality index and weight change from 2003 to 2009. The ARFS and FAVI were significant predictors of 6-year weight change in this group of young women, while Aus-DQI did not predict weight change (P > 0.05). In the fully adjusted model, those who were in the top tertile of the ARFS significantly gained lower weight gain compared with the lower tertile for the plausible TEI sub-sample (? = -1.6?kg (95% CI: -2.67 to -0.56), P = 0.003). In the fully adjustment model, young women were classified in the highest FAVI tertile and gained significantly less weight than those in the lowest tertile for the plausible TEI (? = -1.6?kg (95% CI: -2.4 to -0.3) P = 0.01). In conclusion, overall diet quality measured by the ARFS and the frequency and variety of fruit and vegetable consumption may predict long-term weight gain in young women. Therefore, health promotion programs encouraging frequent consumption of a wide variety of fruits and vegetables are warranted.
| S-EPMC3770048 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo identify currently available evidence on fruit and vegetable consumption in association with frailty by conducting a systematic review of the literature and to summarise and critically evaluate it.DesignSystematic review.SettingFour electronic databases (Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were systematically searched in August 2017 for observational cohort studies providing cross-sectional or prospective associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and frailty risks. Additional studies were searched by manually reviewing the reference lists of the included studies and related review papers and conducting forward citation tracking of the included studies. The methodological quality of prospective studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling general populations.ResultsA total of 6251 studies were identified, of which five prospective studies with follow-up periods of 2-10.5 years and two cross-sectional studies were included. Among the five prospective studies, three had adequate methodological quality. Because of different measurements and statistical methodologies, a meta-analysis was not possible. The two studies of good quality showed that fruit and vegetable consumption was mostly associated with lower risk of incident frailty. The other study as a sub-analysis retrospectively examined baseline fruit and vegetable consumption of those who developed frailty and those who did not at follow-up and showed no significant associations.ConclusionsAlthough good quality studies on this topic are scarce, there is some suggestion that higher fruit and vegetable consumption may be associated with lower frailty risk. More high quality research is needed.
| S-EPMC6182506 | biostudies-literature