Project description:Background There is limited reporting of treatment options for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in esophageal-gastric fundal varices patients. Historically, surgery is the preferred treatment for squamous cell carcinoma; however, esophagectomy is associated with higher complications and death rates. The difficulty of such an operation was the varicose veins around the mucosa of the lesion. Possibility of concomitant intraoperative fatal bleeding. Previous studies have proved the effectiveness of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) paired with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for treating early esophageal cancers on esophageal varices. Case Description We reported an effective endoscopic treatment of such conditions in a 62-year-old man with liver cirrhosis. After seeking informed consent, we performed endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after the eradication of esophageal-gastric fundal varices using EIS. The resection margins indicated negative for carcinoma and dysplasia, suggesting that no recurrence and complication occurred. The patient was discharged 5 days after ESD without any complications including perforation or bleeding. No complaint from the patient was received during the 1-week follow-up, and the patient was tolerating solid food. The pathological result of the two lesions both showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, T1bN0M0. The resection margins suggested negative for both carcinoma and dysplasia according to pathological examination. There was no recurrence or adverse event during follow-up. Conclusions Our case presented the successful treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma on esophageal-gastric fundal varices. This indicated that patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension could also be treated with ESD, which could reduce trauma and discomfort and improve their quality of life. We recommend future studies to further investigate the indications of using endoscopic treatment for patients with cirrhosis.
Project description:Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard endoscopic treatment for early esophageal cancer. Esophageal stricture often occurs at the site of ESD for large lesions. When treating a metachronous lesion appearing at the severe stricture, it may be difficult to negotiate a conventional endoscope through the stricture. Using a thin endoscope may be a useful strategy for such lesions, though ESD using a thin endoscope is challenging because of poor maneuverability. Herein, we report a case of successful ESD for early esophageal cancer at the severe stricture, using a conventional endoscope. A 72-year-old man with a previous history of ESD for esophageal cancer and a post-ESD esophageal stricture was referred to our hospital for metachronous early esophageal cancer. The lesion, 10 mm in diameter, was located at the stricture with a slight distal extension. Conventional endoscopes could not be negotiated through stricture. Therefore, submucosal dissection was performed from the oral to the anal aspect of the lesion, as far as possible. After completion of submucosal dissection of the oral aspect of the lesion and part of the lesion located on the stricture, the severe stricture was released, allowing the passage of conventional endoscope, and ESD of the entire lesion was completed en bloc. Histopathological examination showed squamous cell carcinoma, pT1a-LPM. Stricture due to scarring may occur during the regeneration process of the defective mucosa, muscularis mucosa, and submucosal layer. Therefore, incision and dissection of the contracted mucosa, mucularis mucosa, and submucosal layer would release the stenosis.
Project description:Video 1This patient with Barrett's esophagus with multifocal high-grade dysplasia underwent complete circumferential ESD. We illustrate the evolution of re-epithelialization after circumferential esophageal ESD and the regimen used to prevent stricture formation.
Project description:This study evaluated the possibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer with papillary adenocarcinoma (EGC-PAC). PAC, an uncommon pathologic type of stomach cancer, is classified into differentiated-type histology. However, aggressive features, including a high rate of submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and lymph node metastasis (LNM), have been reported in studies with surgical specimens. Treatment outcomes of ESD for EGC-PAC have not been precisely demonstrated. Core databases were sought for the following inclusion criteria: studies of endoscopic resection or surgery of EGC-PAC presenting the following therapeutic indicators; en bloc resection, complete resection, curative resection, recurrence, complications associated with procedures, LVI, or LNM that enabled an analysis of ESD possibility. Overall, 15 studies were included for systematic review. Frequent submucosal invasion and high LVI were noted in EGC-PAC. However, PAC was not significantly associated with LNM. Pooled en bloc resection, complete resection, and curative resection rates were 89.7% (95% confidence interval: 55.3%-98.4%), 85.3% (67.7%-94.2%), and 67% (43%-84.5%), respectively. No LNM was observed if EGC-PAC satisfied the curative resection criteria. ESD seems technically feasible, although a high LVI rate results in a lower rate of curative resection.
Project description:Angiolipoma in the region of the hypopharynx-esophageal introitus is a rare occurrence. Surgical treatment was performed in the few cases reported in the literature. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a minimally invasive treatment for hypopharyngeal and esophageal lesions. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of ESD for treatment of angiolipoma at the hypopharynx-esophageal introitus. The patients with submucosal tumors at the hypopharynx-esophageal introitus were diagnosed as angiolipoma by preoperative evaluation with endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT). The patients who were diagnosed with angiolipoma agreed to undergo endoscopic submucosal dissection. Under general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, ESD was used to remove the lesions. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected and analyzed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of endoscopic submucosal dissection. From January 2013 to December 2018, 6 cases of angiolipoma were treated with ESD with a success rate of 100%. The average operation time was 107.0 ± 69.4 minutes. Intraoperative blood loss is the main risk. Endoscopic thermocoagulation successfully stopped bleeding in all cases. Pharyngeal pain and painful swallowing were the main clinical signs. There was no stricture at the hypopharynx-esophageal introitus after the operation. ESD treatment of angiolipoma at hypopharynx-esophageal introitus is feasible, safe, and effective.