Dataset Information

Dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt by the altered soil microbial community.

ABSTRACT: Fusarium wilt disease causes severe decline of watermelon yield and quality. Researches have been reported that soil fumigation with dazomet can help control crop disease. Firstly, we discovered that the dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt in field experiment compared to the control group. While the importance of microbial community in regulating plant health has been rising up, we therefore focused on examining the soil microbial diversity at six different sampling times after dazomet application by using Illumina MiSeq platform. Remarkably, our research results showed that some beneficial microbial genera have been altered, and these beneficial microbial genera have dominated the entire community, such as Nitrolancea, Pseudomonas and Penicillium after dazomet application. Instead, the relative abundance of Fusarium genus and the pathogen FON (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, FON) had the decreased. As there was a significant accumulation of AP (available soil phosphorus) after dazomet application, we noticed that the beneficial microbes as Bacillus, Nitrolancea, Paenibacillus and Penicillium have significant positive correlation with AP but negatively related to morbidity. Together, these results demonstrate that the altered soil microbial community structure by dazomet application is critical to suppress watermelon Fusarium wilt. Thus, our results will drive investigations aimed to deploy interaction of microbiota contribute and plant immunity.

SUBMITTER: Zhu F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7730150 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt by the altered soil microbial community.

Zhu Feiying F Xiao Jiling J Zhang Yi Y Wei Lin L Liang Zhihuai Z

Scientific reports 20201210 1

Fusarium wilt disease causes severe decline of watermelon yield and quality. Researches have been reported that soil fumigation with dazomet can help control crop disease. Firstly, we discovered that the dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt in field experiment compared to the control group. While the importance of microbial community in regulating plant health has been rising up, we therefore focused on examining the soil microbial diversity at six different sampling times after dazome ...[more]

PMID: 33303943

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Project description:Exogenous silicates can enhance plant resistance to pathogens and change soil microbial communities. However, the relationship between changes in soil microbial communities and enhanced plant resistance remains unclear. Here, effects of exogenous sodium silicate on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum Owen (FOC) were investigated by drenching soil with 2 mM sodium silicate. Soil bacterial and fungal community abundances and compositions were estimated by real-time PCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing; then, feedback effects of changes in soil biota on cucumber seedling resistance to FOC were assessed. Moreover, effects of sodium silicate on the growth of FOC and Streptomyces DHV3-2, an antagonistic bacterium to FOC, were investigated both in vitro and in the soil environment. Results showed that exogenous sodium silicate enhanced cucumber seedling growth and resistance to FOC. In bare soil, sodium silicate increased bacterial and fungal community abundances and diversities. In cucumber-cultivated soil, sodium silicate increased bacterial community abundances, but decreased fungal community abundances and diversities. Sodium silicate also changed soil bacterial and fungal communality compositions, and especially, decreased the relative abundances of microbial taxa containing plant pathogens but increased these with plant-beneficial potentials. Moreover, sodium silicate increased the abundance of Streptomyces DHV3-2 in soil. Soil biota from cucumber-cultivated soil treated with sodium silicate decreased cucumber seedling Fusarium wilt disease index, and enhanced cucumber seedling growth and defense-related enzyme activities in roots. Sodium silicate at pH 9.85 inhibited FOC abundance in vitro, but did not affect FOC abundance in soil. Overall, our results suggested that, in cucumber-cultivated soil, sodium silicate increased cucumber seedling resistance to Fusarium wilt by changing soil microbial communities rather than by directly inhibiting the growth of FOC.

Project description:Bacterial wilt disease is a devastating disease of crops, which leads to huge economic loss worldwide. It is hypothesized that the occurrence of bacterial wilt may be related to changes in soil chemical properties and microbial interactions. In this study, we compared the soil chemical properties and microbial network structures of a healthy soil (HS) and a bacterial wilt-susceptible soil (BWS). The contents of available nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus and the soil pH in the BWS were significantly lower than those in the HS. BWS showed nutrient deficiency and acidification in comparison with the HS. The structure and composition of the BWS network were quite different from those of the HS network. The BWS network had fewer modules and edges and lower connectivity than the HS network. The HS network contained more interacting species, more key microorganisms, and better high-order organization and thus was more complex and stable than the BWS network. Most nodes and module memberships were unshared by the two networks, while the ones that were shared showed different topological roles. Some generalists in the HS network became specialists in the BWS network, indicating that the topological roles of microbes were changed and key microorganisms were shifted in the BWS. In summary, the composition and structure of the microbial network of the BWS were different from that of the HS. Many microbial network connections were missing in the BWS, which most likely provided conditions leading to higher rates of bacterial wilt disease.IMPORTANCE Bacterial wilt disease is caused by the pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and is a widespread devastating soilborne disease leading to huge economic losses worldwide. The soil microbial community is crucial to the capacity of soils to suppress soilborne diseases through complex interactions. Network analysis can effectively explore these complex interactions. In this study, we used a random matrix theory (RMT)-based network approach to investigate the changes in microbial network and associated microbial interactions in a bacterial wilt-susceptible soil (BWS) in comparison to a healthy soil (HS). We found that the structure and composition of the microbial network in BWSs were quite different from those of the HS. The BWS network had fewer modules, edges, and key microorganisms and lower connectivity than the HS network. In the BWSs, apparently the topological role of microbes was changed and key microorganisms were shifted to specialists.

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Dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt by the altered soil microbial community.

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Dazomet application suppressed watermelon wilt by the altered soil microbial community.

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