Dataset Information

Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in 2-5 year-old children in the South of Iran.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Dental and oral diseases can have negative impacts on children's quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the children aged 2-5 years old.

Materials and methods

A total number of 288 children aged between 2 and 5 years were selected and stratified by gender from three community health centres located in the city of Jahrom, south of Fars Province, Iran. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability was confirmed. The questionnaire was completed by parents/caregivers of the children. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed with quality of life as the dependent variable and, based on covariance structural analysis, evaluated the goodness of fit of the resulting structural equations models.

Results

The results showed that predisposing factors with a coefficient of 0.0457 (p?=?0.015) and reinforcing factors ones with a coefficient of 0.2748 (p?ConclusionThe predictors of the children's OHRQoL included predisposing, strengthening, oral health behaviours and oral health status. Therefore, planning to enhance supportive family behaviours and to boost predisposing factors including knowledge, attitudes, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy in parents and their oral health behaviours is recommended.

SUBMITTER: Abbasi-Shavazi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7730757 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in 2-5 year-old children in the South of Iran.

Abbasi-Shavazi Masoumeh M Mansoorian Elham E Jambarsang Sara S Hosseini-Yekani Amene A Rahmanian Vahid V

Health and quality of life outcomes 20201211 1

<h4>Background</h4>Dental and oral diseases can have negative impacts on children's quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the children aged 2-5 years old.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A total number of 288 children aged between 2 and 5 years were selected and stratified by gender from three community health centres located in the city of Jahrom, south of Fars Province, Iran. The data collection tool was a researc ...[more]

PMID: 33308244

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Project description:BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the impact of dental caries and other potential socio-demographic factors on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children from Myanmar. This was done using the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5) as reported by both the children and their parents.MethodsA structured questionnaire was conducted to collect demographic information about the children and their caregivers, as well as socioeconomic data. The OHRQoL was assessed by interviewing the children and their parents using the Myanmar versions of SOHO-5c and SOHO-5p, respectively. Caries experience was assessed by two calibrated examiners and recorded using the dmft index. The Poisson regression model was adopted to investigate the association between OHRQoL and dental caries including socioeconomic factors.ResultsA total of 454 pairs participated in the study. Among them, 64% of children and 70% of parents reported a negative impact on OHRQoL (with SOHO-5c and SOHO-5p scores exceeding 0). The mean score (SD) of the child self-report and parental version of the SOHO-5 was 1.86 (2.27) and 2.65 (3.13), respectively. Difficulties in eating and sleeping were the most commonly reported by both children and parents. The overall prevalence of dental caries was 87% (mean dmft score:5.59, SD:4.65). The final multivariate-adjusted model revealed that children with higher caries experiences were more likely to have lower OHRQoL for both child self-report (RR 4.38, 95% CI 3.16-6.14, p < 0.001) and parental report (RR 6.07, 95% CI 4.38-8.41, p < 0.001), respectively. A lower family income had a negative impact on the children's OHRQoL in child self-report (RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.26-2.04, p < 0.001) and parental report (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.19-1.78, p < 0.001).ConclusionTwo-thirds of the study children and their parents perceived the negative impact on children's OHRQoL. Higher caries experience and lower family income were associated with poorer OHRQoL of 5-year-old Myanmar children.

Project description:Background There is a lack of evidence with regards to the association between both maternal and child dental anxiety and the mother’s perception of her child’s oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of maternal and child dental anxiety with COHRQoL and the effect of demographic factors as moderators in this relationship. In addition, the association between child’s dental caries experience and the COHRQoL was also assessed. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1150, 5–6 year-old preschool children in Selangor, Malaysia. Mothers answered a questionnaire on socio-economic status, the Malay-Modified Dental Anxiety Scale to assess maternal dental anxiety, and the Malay-Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale to assess COHRQoL. Child's dental anxiety was assessed using the Malay-Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale via a face-to-face interview prior to oral examination to assess dental caries. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling to assess the relationship between maternal and child dental anxiety and COHRQoL. Results Overall, complete data on 842 mother–child dyads were analysed. The mean scores of total ECOHIS, the child impacts section (CIS), and the family impacts section (FIS) were 17.7 (SD?=?4.9), 12.6 (SD?=?3.7), and 5.1 (SD?=?1.9), respectively. The mean dental anxiety scores for mothers and children were 11.8 (SD?=?4.5) and 16.9 (SD?=?4.3), respectively. Maternal dental anxiety was associated with the CIS (b?=?0.08, p?<?0.001), the FIS (b?=?0.01, p?=?0.001), and the total ECOHIS (b?=?0.14, p?<?0.001). Maternal education level, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type were moderators to the relationship. In addition, there was also a significant relationship between child’s dental caries experience and COHRQoL (p?<?0.001). Conclusions Maternal dental anxiety and child’s dental caries experience have significantly impacted the COHRQoL, the CIS, and the FIS domains. Demographic factors such as maternal education, income, urban/rural location, and kindergarten type acted as moderators that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between maternal dental anxiety and COHRQoL of 5–6-year-old preschool children.

Project description:Administration of pediatric Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) inventories frequently assesses both the child and parent perspectives in young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but parent-proxy and child self-reports may differ, and little is known on these discrepancies. The aim is to evaluate HRQoL estimated by young children with T1DM and by their mothers, potential discrepancies in the children-maternal estimates and the factors influencing these discrepancies. Thirty-five 4-to-6-year-old children (19 boys) with T1DM admitted to the Pediatric Endocrinology Department were approached with the self-report KINDL questionnaire for children aged 4-6 years (Kiddy-KINDL for children). Their mothers were approached with the parental version (Kiddy-KINDL for parents). Both versions enable measuring child HRQoL in physical, emotional wellbeing, self-esteem, family, friends, everyday functioning, and the disease dimensions, as well as KINDL total on a 0-100 scale. Statistically significant differences were found between children's and maternal estimates on the KINDL total and "Disease" scales, in that the maternal proxy-reports produced lower values. A statistically significant difference between self- and proxy-reports was found for the KINDL "Emotional wellbeing" scale values, and the maternal proxy-reports yielded higher estimates compared with children's self-reports. These associations remained significant after adjustment for major potential confounders. Maternal education, maternal marital status, insulin regimen, and achievement of glycemic control modified the effect of child-maternal discrepancies.Conclusion: Attempts should be made to improve parental understanding of child problems related to his/her disease with due account to individual family social and demographic characteristics. What is Known: • HRQoL in children with T1DM has been advocated as an important complementary outcome to clinical and laboratory markers. • Self-and parental proxy-reports on HRQoL may differ, but little is known on these discrepancies and on the factors influencing them in young children with T1DM. What is New: • Mothers tend to underestimate general and disease-related components of HRQoL but likely to overestimate psychological wellbeing of their ill young children with T1DM. • Maternal education, marital status, insulin regimen, and achievement of glycemic control modify estimations of HRQoL and child-maternal discrepancies.

Project description:BackgroundRecent years have witnessed a strong tendency to apply economic evidence as a guide for making health resource allocation decisions, especially those related to reimbursement policies. One such measure is the use of the cost-effectiveness threshold as a benchmark. This study explored the threshold for use in the health system of Iran by determining society's preferences.MethodsA cross-sectional household survey based on the contingent valuation method was administered to a representative general population of 1002 in Tehran, Iran from April to June 2015. The survey was intended to estimate the respondents' willingness-to-pay (WTP) preferences for one quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The valuation scenarios featured 12 vignettes on mild to severe diseases that can change people's quality of life. The mean of WTP for QALY was estimated using different health instruments, and the determinants of such willingness were analyzed using the Heckman selection model.ResultsWTP for QALY varied depending on the severity of a disease and the instrument used to determine health preferences. Mean low health state value were associated with high valuation. The best estimated WTP values ranged from US$1032 to US$2666 and 0.22-0.56 of Iran's local gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in 2014. Except for educational level, significant variables differed across different disease scenarios. Generally, a high health state valuation for target diseases, high income, high educational level, and being married were associated with high WTP for QALY.ConclusionFrom the general public's perspective, the monetary value of QALY for mild to severe diseases with no risk of death was less than one GDP per capita. Therefore, the obtained valuation range is recommended as reference only for the adoption of interventions designed to improve quality of life. Future studies should estimate the threshold of interventions for life-threatening diseases or formulate transparent policies in such contexts.

Dataset Information

Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in 2-5 year-old children in the South of Iran.

Background

Materials and methods

Results

Publications

Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in 2-5 year-old children in the South of Iran.

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