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Post-Translational Modifications of Circulating Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Protein.

ABSTRACT: Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase protein encoded by the SERPINA1 gene, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily. Its primary function is to protect tissues from enzymes released during inflammation, such as neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3. In addition to its antiprotease activity, AAT interacts with numerous other substances and has various functions, mainly arising from the conformational flexibility of normal variants of AAT. Therefore, AAT has diverse biological functions and plays a role in various pathophysiological processes. This review discusses major molecular forms of AAT, including complex, cleaved, glycosylated, oxidized, and S-nitrosylated forms, in terms of their origin and function.

SUBMITTER: Lechowicz U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7731214 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Post-Translational Modifications of Circulating Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Protein.

Lechowicz Urszula U Rudzinski Stefan S Jezela-Stanek Aleksandra A Janciauskiene Sabina S Chorostowska-Wynimko Joanna J

International journal of molecular sciences 20201202 23

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase protein encoded by the <i>SERPINA1</i> gene, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily. Its primary function is to protect tissues from enzymes released during inflammation, such as neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3. In addition to its antiprotease activity, AAT interacts with numerous other substances and has various functions, mainly arising from the conformational flexibility of normal variants of AAT. Therefore, AAT has div ...[more]

PMID: 33276468

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