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Targeting transcriptional coregulator OCA-B/Pou2af1 blocks activated autoreactive T cells in the pancreas and type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional coregulator OCA-B promotes expression of T cell target genes in cases of repeated antigen exposure, a necessary feature of autoimmunity. We hypothesized that T cell-specific OCA-B deletion and pharmacologic OCA-B inhibition would protect mice from autoimmune diabetes. We developed an Ocab conditional allele and backcrossed it onto a diabetes-prone NOD/ShiLtJ strain background. T cell-specific OCA-B loss protected mice from spontaneous disease. Protection was associated with large reductions in islet CD8+ T cell receptor specificities associated with diabetes pathogenesis. CD4+ clones associated with diabetes were present but associated with anergic phenotypes. The protective effect of OCA-B loss was recapitulated using autoantigen-specific NY8.3 mice but diminished in monoclonal models specific to artificial or neoantigens. Rationally designed membrane-penetrating OCA-B peptide inhibitors normalized glucose levels and reduced T cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression in newly diabetic NOD mice. Together, the results indicate that OCA-B is a potent autoimmune regulator and a promising target for pharmacologic inhibition.

SUBMITTER: Kim H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7731945 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Targeting OCA-B/Pou2af1 blocks type-1 diabetes and reduces infiltration of activated, islet-reactive T cells

Project description:The transcriptional coregulator OCA-B is induced in stimulated naïve CD4+ T cells, where docks with transcription factor Oct1 to regulate genes such as Il2 and Ifng. OCA-B regulates its targets in cases of repeated antigen exposure, a necessary feature of autoimmunity. Polymorphisms in binding sites for Oct1, and by extension OCA-B, as associated with multiple forms of autoimmunity including autoimmune (type-1) diabetes. We hypothesized that T cell-specific OCA-B deletion would protect mice from type-1 diabetes, and that pharmacologic OCA-B inhibition would provide similar protection. We developed an Ocab (Pou2af1) conditional allele and backcrossed it onto a diabetes-prone NOD/ShiLtJ strain background. T cell-specific OCA-B loss protected mice from spontaneous T1D. To clarify the mechanism, we profiled leukocytes from prediabetic islets by single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell receptor clonotype analysis.

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Targeting OCA-B/Pou2af1 blocks type-1 diabetes and reduces infiltration of activated, islet-reactive T cells

Project description:Targeting OCA-B/Pou2af1 blocks type-1 diabetes and reduces infiltration of activated, islet-reactive T cells

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OCA-B/Pou2af1 is sufficient to promote CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell memory and prospectively identifies memory precursors.

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B1 cells promote pancreas infiltration by autoreactive T cells.

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TLE3 is a dual-function transcriptional coregulator of adipogenesis.

Project description:PPARγ and Wnt signaling are central positive and negative regulators of adipogenesis, respectively. Here we identify the groucho family member TLE3 as a transcriptional integrator of the PPARγ and Wnt pathways. TLE3 is a direct target of PPARγ that participates in a feed-forward loop during adipocyte differentiation. TLE3 enhances PPARγ activity and functions synergistically with PPARγ on its target promoters to stimulate adipogenesis. At the same time, induction of TLE3 during differentiation provides a mechanism for termination of Wnt signaling. TLE3 antagonizes TCF4 activation by β-catenin in preadipocytes, thereby inhibiting Wnt target gene expression and reversing β-catenin-dependent repression of adipocyte gene expression. Transgenic expression of TLE3 in adipose tissue in vivo mimics the effects of PPARγ agonist and ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance. Our data suggest that TLE3 acts as a dual-function switch, driving the formation of both active and repressive transcriptional complexes that facilitate the adipogenic program.

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The transcriptional coregulator GRIP1 controls macrophage polarization and metabolic homeostasis.

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Recurrence of type 1 diabetes after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation, despite immunosuppression, is associated with autoantibodies and pathogenic autoreactive CD4 T-cells.

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