Dataset Information

Young Adults' Migration to Cities in Sweden: Do Siblings Pave the Way?

ABSTRACT: Young adult internal migration forms a large share of the influx of people into large cities in the developed world. We investigate the role of the residential locations of siblings for young adults' migration to large cities, using the case of Sweden and its four largest cities: Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö/Lund, and Uppsala. We use register data for the full Swedish-born population of young adults aged 18-28 living in Sweden in the years 2007-2013 and multinomial logistic regression analyses of migrating to each of the four cities or migrating elsewhere versus not migrating. Our point of departure is the paving-the-way hypothesis, which posits that young adults who have a sibling living at a migration destination are particularly likely to move to that destination, more so than to other destinations. Additional hypotheses are related to having more than one sibling in the city and to the gender of siblings living at the destination. We find support for the paving-the-way hypothesis and an additional effect for having more than one sibling in the city. Having a sibling of the same gender in a city matters more for moving there than having a sibling of the opposite gender.

SUBMITTER: Mulder CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7732800 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Young Adults' Migration to Cities in Sweden: Do Siblings Pave the Way?

Mulder Clara H CH Lundholm Emma E Malmberg Gunnar G

Demography 20201130 6

Young adult internal migration forms a large share of the influx of people into large cities in the developed world. We investigate the role of the residential locations of siblings for young adults' migration to large cities, using the case of Sweden and its four largest cities: Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö/Lund, and Uppsala. We use register data for the full Swedish-born population of young adults aged 18-28 living in Sweden in the years 2007-2013 and multinomial logistic regression analyses o ...[more]

PMID: 33258080

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Project description:UNLABELLED:Swarming bacteria are challenged by the need to invade hostile environments. Swarms of the flagellated bacterium Paenibacillus vortex can collectively transport other microorganisms. Here we show that P. vortex can invade toxic environments by carrying antibiotic-degrading bacteria; this transport is mediated by a specialized, phenotypic subpopulation utilizing a process not dependent on cargo motility. Swarms of beta-lactam antibiotic (BLA)-sensitive P. vortex used beta-lactamase-producing, resistant, cargo bacteria to detoxify BLAs in their path. In the presence of BLAs, both transporter and cargo bacteria gained from this temporary cooperation; there was a positive correlation between BLA resistance and dispersal. P. vortex transported only the most beneficial antibiotic-resistant cargo (including environmental and clinical isolates) in a sustained way. P. vortex displayed a bet-hedging strategy that promoted the colonization of nontoxic niches by P. vortex alone; when detoxifying cargo bacteria were not needed, they were lost. This work has relevance for the dispersal of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and for strategies for asymmetric cooperation with agricultural and medical implications. IMPORTANCE:Antibiotic resistance is a major health threat. We show a novel mechanism for the local spread of antibiotic resistance. This involves interactions between different bacteria: one species provides an enzyme that detoxifies the antibiotic (a sessile cargo bacterium carrying a resistance gene), while the other (Paenibacillus vortex) moves itself and transports the cargo. P. vortex used a bet-hedging strategy, colonizing new environments alone when the cargo added no benefit, but cooperating when the cargo was needed. This work is of interest in an evolutionary context and sheds light on fundamental questions, such as how environmental antibiotic resistance may lead to clinical resistance and also microbial social organization, as well as the costs, benefits, and risks of dispersal in the environment.

Dataset Information

Young Adults' Migration to Cities in Sweden: Do Siblings Pave the Way?

Publications

Young Adults' Migration to Cities in Sweden: Do Siblings Pave the Way?

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