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Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotope Signatures of Nitrogen Compounds during Anammox in the Laboratory and a Wastewater Treatment Plant.

ABSTRACT: Isotopic fractionation factors against 15N and 18O during anammox (anaerobic ammonia oxidization by nitrite) are critical for evaluating the importance of this process in natural environments. We performed batch incubation experiments with an anammox-dominated biomass to investigate nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotopic fractionation factors during anammox and also examined apparent isotope fractionation factors during anammox in an actual wastewater treatment plant. We conducted one incubation experiment with high ?18O of water to investigate the effects of water ?18O. The N isotopic fractionation factors estimated from incubation experiments and the wastewater treatment plant were similar to previous values. We also found that the N isotopic effect (15?NXR of -77.8 to -65.9‰ and 15?NXR of -31.3 to -30.4‰) and possibly O isotopic effect (18?NXR of -20.6‰) for anaerobic nitrite oxidation to nitrate were inverse. We applied the estimated isotopic fractionation factors to the ordinary differential equation model to clarify whether anammox induces deviations in the ?18O vs ?15N of nitrate from a linear trajectory of 1, similar to heterotrophic denitrification. Although this deviation has been attributed to nitrite oxidation, the O isotopic fractionation factor for anammox is crucial for obtaining a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms controlling this deviation. In our model, anammox induced the trajectory of the ?18O vs ?15N of nitrate during denitrification to less than one, which strongly indicates that this deviation is evidence of nitrite oxidation by anammox under denitrifying conditions.

SUBMITTER: Kotajima S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7734408 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotope Signatures of Nitrogen Compounds during Anammox in the Laboratory and a Wastewater Treatment Plant.

Kotajima Shotoku S Koba Keisuke K Ikeda Daisuke D Terada Akihiko A Isaka Kazuichi K Nishina Kazuya K Kimura Yuuya Y Makabe Akiko A Yano Midori M Fujitani Hirotsugu H Ushiki Norisuke N Tsuneda Satoshi S Yoh Muneoki M

Microbes and environments 20200101 4

Isotopic fractionation factors against <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>18</sup>O during anammox (anaerobic ammonia oxidization by nitrite) are critical for evaluating the importance of this process in natural environments. We performed batch incubation experiments with an anammox-dominated biomass to investigate nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotopic fractionation factors during anammox and also examined apparent isotope fractionation factors during anammox in an actual wastewater treatment plant. We cond ...[more]

PMID: 33162466

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Project description:Bacterial community dynamics of the ANAMMOX reactor of an integrated "UASB + SHARON + ANAMMOX" system for treating piggery wastewater were investigated using the Illumina MiSeq method with samples obtained at ~ 2-week intervals during a 314-day period. With aerobic activated sludge as seeds and low content artificial wastewater (NH4+-N 50 mg/L; NO2--N 55 mg/L) as influent for the ANAMMOX reactor, nitrogen removal was initially observed on day 38 with a removal rate 1.3 mg N L-1 day-1, and increased to 90.4 mg N L-1 day-1 on day 55 with almost complete removal of ammonia and nitrite, indicating a successful startup of the reactor. Increasing influent load stepwise to NH4+-N 272.7 mg/L/NO2--N 300 mg/L, nitrogen removal rate increased gradually to 470 mg N L-1 day-1 on day 228, and maintained a stable level (~ 420 mg N L-1 day-1) following introduction of SHARON effluent since day 229. Correlation between microbial community dynamics and nitrogen removal capability was significant (r = 0.489, p < 0.001). Microbial community composition was determined by influent ammonia, influent nitrite, effluent nitrate and some undefined factors. Anammox bacteria, accounting for ~ 98.7% of Planctomycetes, became detectable (0.03% relative abundance) since day 38 and increased to 0.9% on day 58, well consistent with nitrogen removal performance of the reactor. Relative abundance of anammox bacteria gradually increased to 38.4% on day 140 with stepwise increased influent load; decreased to 0.4% on day 169 because of nitrite inhibition; increased to 19.24% on day 233 when the influent load was dropped; kept at ~ 9.0% with SHARON effluent used as influent and dropped to 3.3% finally. Anammox bacteria, only Candidatus Brocadia and Ca. Kuenenia detected, were the most abundant at genus level. Ca. Brocadia related taxa were enriched firstly under low load and detectable during the entire experimental period. Three main groups represented by Ca. Brocadia related OTUs were enriched or eliminated at different loads, but Ca. Kuenenia related taxa were enriched only under high load (NO2--N > 300 mg/L), suggesting their different niches and application for different loads. These findings improve the understanding of relationships among microbial community/functional taxa, running parameters and reactor performance, and will be useful in optimizing running parameters for rapid startup and high, stable efficiency.

Dataset Information

Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotope Signatures of Nitrogen Compounds during Anammox in the Laboratory and a Wastewater Treatment Plant.

Publications

Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotope Signatures of Nitrogen Compounds during Anammox in the Laboratory and a Wastewater Treatment Plant.

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