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Yeast cell wall mannan rich fraction modulates bacterial cellular respiration potentiating antibiotic efficacy.

ABSTRACT: Now more than ever there is a demand to understand the mechanisms surrounding antibiotic resistance and look for alternative ways to impact phenotypic antibiotic outcome. Cellular energetics can be impacted by many bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics, which affect metabolism and energy output, resulting in a reduction of cell growth or induction of cell death respectively. In this study, we provide evidence that a mannan rich fraction (MRF) from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae modulates growth of antibiotic susceptible and resistant Escherichia coli and potentiates bactericidal antibiotic efficiency through modulation of bacterial cellular respiration. The role of MRF in modulating bactericidal impact and cellular metabolic state were assessed in E. coli by monitoring microbial growth and by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using the Seahorse XFe96 Analyser, respectively. This work further illustrates the link between bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics (phenotypic resistance) and resistance through modulation of bacterial metabolism. This is the first example of yeast MRF enabling collateral sensitivity to antibiotics in vitro and supports the search for alternative strategies to promote animal health without contributing to the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance.

SUBMITTER: Smith H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7736855 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Yeast cell wall mannan rich fraction modulates bacterial cellular respiration potentiating antibiotic efficacy.

Smith Helen H Grant Sharon S Parker Joanne J Murphy Richard R

Scientific reports 20201214 1

Now more than ever there is a demand to understand the mechanisms surrounding antibiotic resistance and look for alternative ways to impact phenotypic antibiotic outcome. Cellular energetics can be impacted by many bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics, which affect metabolism and energy output, resulting in a reduction of cell growth or induction of cell death respectively. In this study, we provide evidence that a mannan rich fraction (MRF) from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ...[more]

PMID: 33318549

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Project description:BackgroundAlternatives to antibiotic as growth promoters in agriculture, such as supplemental prebiotics, are required to maintain healthy and high performing animals without directly contributing to antimicrobial resistance bioburden. While the gut microbiota of broiler hens has been well established and successfully correlated to performance, to our knowledge, a study has yet to be completed on the effect of prebiotic supplementation on correlating the mature laying hen productivity and microbiota. This study focused on establishing the impact of a yeast derived prebiotic, mannan rich fraction (MRF), on the cecal microbiota of late laying hens. This study benefitted from large sample sizes so intra- and intergroup variation effects could be statistically accounted for.ResultsTaxonomic richness was significantly greater at all taxonomic ranks and taxonomic evenness was significantly lower for all taxonomic ranks in MRF-supplemented birds (P < 0.005). Use of principal coordinate analyses and principal component analyses found significant variation between treatment groups. When assessed for compositional uniformity (an indicator of flock health), microbiota in MRF-supplemented birds was more uniform than control birds at the species level. From a food safety and animal welfare perspective, Campylobacter jejuni was significantly lower in abundance in MRF-supplemented birds. In this study, species associated with high weight gain (an anticorrelator of performance in laying hens) were significantly lower in abundance in laying hens while health-correlated butyrate and propionate producing species were significantly greater in abundance in MRF-supplemented birds.ConclusionsThe use of prebiotics may be a key factor in controlling the microbiota balance limiting agri-food chain pathogen persistence and in promoting uniformity. In previous studies, increased α- and β-diversity indices were determinants of pathogen mitigation and performance. MRF-supplemented birds in this study established greater α- and β-diversity indices in post-peak laying hens, greater compositional uniformity across samples, a lower pathogenic bioburden and a greater abundance of correlators of performance.

Project description:Antibiotic resistance is regarded as one of the most serious threats to human health worldwide. The rapid increase in resistance rates has been attributed to the extensive use of antibiotics since they became commercially available. The use of antibiotics as growth promotors has been banned in numerous regions for this reason. Mannan-rich fraction (MRF) has been reported to show similar growth-promoting effects to antibiotics. We investigated the effect of MRF on the microbial community, resistome and metabolic pathways within the caecum of commercial broilers at two different timepoints within the growth of the broiler, day 27 and day 34. The data indicated an overall increase in health and economic gain for the producer with the addition of MRF to the diet of the broilers. The only significant difference across the microbial composition of the samples was in the richness of the microbial communities across all samples. While all samples harboured resistance genes conferring resistance to the same classes of antibiotics, there was significant variation in the antimicrobial resistance gene richness across time and treatment and across combinations of time and treatment. The taxa with positive correlation comprised Bacilli and Clostridia. The negative correlation taxa were also dominated by Bacilli, specifically the Streptococcus genera. The KEGG-pathway analysis identified an age-related change in the metabolism pathway abundances of the caecal microflora. We suggest that the MRF-related increases in health and weight gain in the broilers may be associated with changes in the metabolism of the microbiomes rather than the microbial composition. The resistome variations across samples were correlated with specific genera. These data may be used to further enhance the development of feed supplements to reduce the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within poultry. While the ARGs of greatest concern to human or animal health were not detected in this study, it has identified the potential to reduce the presence of ARGs by the increase in specific genera.

Dataset Information

Yeast cell wall mannan rich fraction modulates bacterial cellular respiration potentiating antibiotic efficacy.

Publications

Yeast cell wall mannan rich fraction modulates bacterial cellular respiration potentiating antibiotic efficacy.

Similar Datasets

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