Dataset Information

COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data.

ABSTRACT: Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil-to-atmosphere CO₂ flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (R_S ), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high-frequency R_S measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open-source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long-term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured R_S , the database design accommodates other soil-atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber-measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

SUBMITTER: Bond-Lamberty B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7756728 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data.

Bond-Lamberty Ben B Christianson Danielle S DS Malhotra Avni A Pennington Stephanie C SC Sihi Debjani D AghaKouchak Amir A Anjileli Hassan H Altaf Arain M M Armesto Juan J JJ Ashraf Samaneh S Ataka Mioko M Baldocchi Dennis D Andrew Black Thomas T Buchmann Nina N Carbone Mariah S MS Chang Shih-Chieh SC Crill Patrick P Curtis Peter S PS Davidson Eric A EA Desai Ankur R AR Drake John E JE El-Madany Tarek S TS Gavazzi Michael M Görres Carolyn-Monika CM Gough Christopher M CM Goulden Michael M Gregg Jillian J Gutiérrez Del Arroyo Omar O He Jin-Sheng JS Hirano Takashi T Hopple Anya A Hughes Holly H Järveoja Järvi J Jassal Rachhpal R Jian Jinshi J Kan Haiming H Kaye Jason J Kominami Yuji Y Liang Naishen N Lipson David D Macdonald Catriona A CA Macdonald Catriona A CA Maseyk Kadmiel K Mathes Kayla K Mauritz Marguerite M Mayes Melanie A MA McNulty Steve S Miao Guofang G Migliavacca Mirco M Miller Scott S Miniat Chelcy F CF Nietz Jennifer G JG Nilsson Mats B MB Noormets Asko A Norouzi Hamidreza H O'Connell Christine S CS Osborne Bruce B Oyonarte Cecilio C Pang Zhuo Z Peichl Matthias M Pendall Elise E Perez-Quezada Jorge F JF Phillips Claire L CL Phillips Richard P RP Raich James W JW Renchon Alexandre A AA Ruehr Nadine K NK Sánchez-Cañete Enrique P EP Saunders Matthew M Savage Kathleen E KE Schrumpf Marion M Scott Russell L RL Seibt Ulli U Silver Whendee L WL Sun Wu W Szutu Daphne D Takagi Kentaro K Takagi Masahiro M Teramoto Munemasa M Tjoelker Mark G MG Trumbore Susan S Ueyama Masahito M Vargas Rodrigo R Varner Ruth K RK Verfaillie Joseph J Vogel Christoph C Wang Jinsong J Winston Greg G Wood Tana E TE Wu Juying J Wutzler Thomas T Zeng Jiye J Zha Tianshan T Zhang Quan Q Zou Junliang J

Global change biology 20201007 12

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil-to-atmosphere CO2 flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (RS ), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high-frequency RS measurements (typically, from an automate ...[more]

PMID: 33026137

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Project description:Though citizen science programs have been broadly successful in diverse scientific fields, their adoption has lagged in some disciplines, including soil science and ecosystem ecology. Collaborations with citizen scientists may be viewed as a conundrum in these disciplines, which often require substantial labor and technical experience; citizen scientists could improve sampling capacity but may reduce sample quality or require training and oversight prior to and while performing specialized tasks. To demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating citizen scientists into soil biogeochemistry research, we conducted a proof-of-concept study in high-elevation meadows of the Sierra Nevada in California. A collaboration between university researchers and citizen scientists allowed us to assess spatial and diel patterns of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes with an intensity and frequency that would otherwise be beyond the capacity of a typical research laboratory. This collaboration with citizen scientists increased our sampling intensity by over 700% while only doubling the sampling error relative to that of full-time researchers. With training and support from project scientists, citizen scientists collected data that demonstrate spatial independence of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide at scales between 1 m and 175 m. Additionally, we found a lack of temporal variation over a 24-h period for all three GHGs. Citizen scientists participating in this one-day event reported levels of satisfaction commensurate with longer-term, immersive campaigns. The place-based event also proved an effective tool for teaching intangible concepts of soil biogeochemistry and promoting local conservation. Despite perceived barriers to entry, this study demonstrates the mutual benefits of citizen science collaborations in soil science and ecosystem ecology, encouraging adoption by disciplines that have been slow to take advantage of such collaborations. Short-term, local citizen science events can provide meaningful experiences for area residents and teach global biogeochemical cycles in a place-based context.

Project description:IntroductionPlant species composition in forest ecosystems can alter soil greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets by affecting soil properties and microbial communities. However, little attention has been paid to the forest types characterized by understory vegetation, especially in boreal forests where understory species contribute significantly to carbon and nitrogen cycling.MethodIn the present study, soil GHG fluxes, soil properties and bacterial community, and soil environmental conditions were investigated among three types of larch forest [Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest (RL), Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (LL), and Sphagnum-Bryum-Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (SLL)] in the typical boreal region of northeast China to explore whether the forest types characterized by different understory species can affect soil GHG fluxes.ResultsThe results showed that differences in understory species significantly affected soil GHG fluxes, properties, and bacterial composition among types of larch forest. Soil CO2 and N2O fluxes were significantly higher in LL (347.12 mg m-2 h-1 and 20.71 μg m-2 h-1) and RL (335.54 mg m-2 h-1 and 20.73 μg m-2 h-1) than that in SLL (295.58 mg m-2 h-1 and 17.65 μg m-2 h-1), while lower soil CH4 uptake (-21.07 μg m-2 h-1) were found in SLL than in RL (-35.21 μg m-2 h-1) and LL (-35.85 μg m-2 h-1). No significant differences between LL and RL were found in soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes. Soil bacterial composition was mainly dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi among the three types of larch forest, while their abundances differed significantly. Soil environmental variables, soil properties, bacterial composition, and their interactions significantly affected the variations in GHG fluxes with understory species. Specifically, structural equation modeling suggested that soil bacterial composition and temperature had direct close links with variations in soil GHG fluxes among types of larch forest. Moreover, soil NO3 --N and NH4 + - N content also affected soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes indirectly, via their effects on soil bacterial composition.DiscussionOur study highlights the importance of understory species in regulating soil GHG fluxes in boreal forests, which furthers our understanding of the role of boreal forests in sustainable development and climate change mitigation.

Dataset Information

COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data.

Publications

COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data.

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