Dataset Information

Oxidative Stress-Inducing Anticancer Therapies: Taking a Closer Look at Their Immunomodulating Effects.

ABSTRACT: Cancer cells are characterized by higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to normal cells as a result of an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. However, cancer cells maintain their redox balance due to their high antioxidant capacity. Recently, a high level of oxidative stress is considered a novel target for anticancer therapy. This can be induced by increasing exogenous ROS and/or inhibiting the endogenous protective antioxidant system. Additionally, the immune system has been shown to be a significant ally in the fight against cancer. Since ROS levels are important to modulate the antitumor immune response, it is essential to consider the effects of oxidative stress-inducing treatments on this response. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanistic cellular responses of cancer cells towards exogenous and endogenous ROS-inducing treatments, as well as the indirect and direct antitumoral immune effects, which can be both immunostimulatory and/or immunosuppressive. For future perspectives, there is a clear need for comprehensive investigations of different oxidative stress-inducing treatment strategies and their specific immunomodulating effects, since the effects cannot be generalized over different treatment modalities. It is essential to elucidate all these underlying immune effects to make oxidative stress-inducing treatments effective anticancer therapy.

SUBMITTER: Van Loenhout J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7759788 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Oxidative Stress-Inducing Anticancer Therapies: Taking a Closer Look at Their Immunomodulating Effects.

Van Loenhout Jinthe J Peeters Marc M Bogaerts Annemie A Smits Evelien E Deben Christophe C

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 20201127 12

Cancer cells are characterized by higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to normal cells as a result of an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. However, cancer cells maintain their redox balance due to their high antioxidant capacity. Recently, a high level of oxidative stress is considered a novel target for anticancer therapy. This can be induced by increasing exogenous ROS and/or inhibiting the endogenous protective antioxidant system. Additionally, the immune system ...[more]

PMID: 33260826

Similar Datasets

Project description:SIL1 acts as a co-chaperone for the major ER-resident chaperone BiP and thus plays a role in many BiP-dependent cellular functions such as protein folding control and unfolded protein response. Whereas increase of BiP upon cellular stress conditions is a well-known phenomenon, elevation of SIL1 under stress conditions was thus far solely studied in yeast and different studies indicated an adverse effect of SIL1 increase. This is seemingly in contrast with the beneficial effect of SIL1 increase in surviving neurons in neurodegenerative disorders such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. In the present study, we systematically addressed these controversial findings. Using cell biological, morphological and biochemical methods, we could demonstrate that that SIL1 is increased in various mammalian cells and neuronal tissues upon induction of cellular stress. Investigation of heterozygous SIL1/Sil1 mutant cells and tissues supported this finding. Moreover, SIL1 protein was found to be stabilized during ER stress. Increased SIL1 initiates ER stress in a concentration-dependent manner which is in accordance with the described adverse effect of increased SIL1. However, our results also suggest that protective levels are achieved by the secretion of excessive SIL1 and GRP170 (no longer perturbing ER homeostasis) and that moderately increased SIL1 also ameliorates cellular fitness under stress conditions. Results of our immunoprecipitation studies indicate that under cellular stress conditions SIL1 might act in a BiP-independent manner. Unbiased proteomic studies revealed that elevated SIL1 levels alter the expression of several proteins including crucial players in neurodegeneration, especially in Alzheimer disease. This finding is in accordance with our observation of increased SIL1-immunoreactivity in surviving neurons of Alzheimer disease autopsy cases and supports the assumption that SIL1 plays a protective role in neurodegenerative disorders.

Dataset Information

Oxidative Stress-Inducing Anticancer Therapies: Taking a Closer Look at Their Immunomodulating Effects.

Publications

Oxidative Stress-Inducing Anticancer Therapies: Taking a Closer Look at Their Immunomodulating Effects.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure