Dataset Information

Diet-Related Behaviors and Diet Quality among School-Aged Adolescents Living in Greece.

ABSTRACT: Prevalence of diet-related behaviors (i.e., breakfast consumption, eating with the family) and their association with a 17-point diet quality score, constructed on the basis of reported frequency (in days/week) of vegetable, fruit, sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, was investigated among 3525 adolescents (51.5% girls) aged 11, 13 and 15 years, who were participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) cross-sectional study, during 2018. Almost one-third (32.9%) of the sample had breakfast ?1 day/weekdays, 20.2% rarely ate with the family, 26.1% had a meal while watching TV ?5 days/week, 31.7% had a snack in front of a screen ?5 days/week and 24.1% ate in fast-food restaurants at least once/week. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression revealed that eating breakfast ?1 day/weekdays compared to 4-5 days/weekdays (Odds ratio (OR): 1.56, 95% con-fidence interval (CI): 1.34-1.82), eating rarely with the family compared to almost every day (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13-1.60) and eating in fast-food restaurants ?2 times/week vs. rarely (OR: 4.59, 95% CI: 3.14-6.70) were associated with higher odds of having poor diet quality. High frequency of having meals/snacks in front of a screen/TV was also associated with poor diet quality. Efforts to prevent or modify these behaviors during adolescence may contribute to healthier diet.

SUBMITTER: Benetou V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7763124 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diet-Related Behaviors and Diet Quality among School-Aged Adolescents Living in Greece.

Benetou Vassiliki V Kanellopoulou Afroditi A Kanavou Eleftheria E Fotiou Anastasios A Stavrou Myrto M Richardson Clive C Orfanos Philippos P Kokkevi Anna A

Nutrients 20201211 12

Prevalence of diet-related behaviors (i.e., breakfast consumption, eating with the family) and their association with a 17-point diet quality score, constructed on the basis of reported frequency (in days/week) of vegetable, fruit, sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, was investigated among 3525 adolescents (51.5% girls) aged 11, 13 and 15 years, who were participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) cross-sectional study, during ...[more]

PMID: 33322459

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Project description:In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) world pandemic, affected countries such as Spain enacted measures comprising compulsory confinement as well as restrictions regarding free movement. Such measures likely influence children's and adolescents' lifestyles. Our study aimed to investigate the impact that the Covid-19 confinement has on health-related behaviors (HRBs) among Spanish children and adolescents. An online survey was administered to 516 parents to collect data about 860 children and adolescents (49.2% girls) aged between 3 and 16 years in relation to physical activity, screen exposure, sleep time, and fruit and vegetable consumption during the Covid-19 confinement. Respectively, t-paired test and t-test between groups served to check differences between HRBs levels before and during the confinement as well as between strict and relaxed confinement. Significant differences were found for a reduction of weekly minutes of physical activity during the confinement (?102.5, SD 159.6) (p < 0.001), an increase of daily hours of screen exposure (2.9, SD 2.1) (p < 0.001), and a reduction of daily fruit and vegetable consumption (?0.2, SD 1.6) (p < 0.001). Sleep time showed a significant difference between strict and relaxed confinement (?0.3, SD 0.1) (p < 0.05), whereas binomial logistic regression adjusted for covariates (age, sex, education of the parents, siblings, current condition, exposure to Covid-19, and previous health risk behavior) showed significantly lower odds for screen exposure risk behavior with relaxed confinement (OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.40–0.91). The present study suggests that Covid-19 confinement reduced physical activity levels, increased both screen exposure and sleep time, and reduced fruit and vegetable consumption. Therefore, most HRBs worsened among this sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Closure of schools, online education, and the lack of policies addressing the conciliation between labor and family life could have played an important role in HRBs worsening among pupils, which might be mitigated with adequate conciliation policies, parental guidance, and community support.

Project description:Diet quality of children consuming school meals tends to be better than that of children consuming packed lunches (from home) or food bought outside school. This study investigates the association between different types of lunch consumed in a school day and diet quality of UK adolescents. A total of 2118 British adolescents were included from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (Years 1–8; between 2008 and 2016). All participants attended school and were aged 11–18 years with valid 3 or 4-day diary records and the analyses were stratified by age group (11–14 and 15–18 years). The Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) tool consisting of three components; diet quality, diversity and equilibrium, was used to assess adherence to dietary recommendations. Overall DQI-A scores range from –33 to 100%. Overall mean DQI-A score for all adolescents was low at 21.1%. Fewer (17.4%) adolescents reported buying lunches from cafés and shops, compared to adolescents consuming cooked school meals and packed lunches (28.3% and 36.6%, respectively), and they had the lowest DQI-A% score of 14.8%. Adolescents having cooked school meals (reference group) had a higher overall DQI-A% of 21.8%. Diet quality scores of older adolescents having packed lunches and shop/café-bought lunches were 5.5% higher (CI 2.7 to 8.4%; p < 0.01) and 5.0% lower (CI 8.1 to 2.0%; p < 0.01) than cooked school meals respectively, after adjusting for gender, region, energy under-reporting and equivalised household income. For younger adolescents the results were attenuated particularly among packed lunch consumers. UK adolescents generally consume a poor quality diet and adolescents purchasing lunches from outside the school gates have the lowest quality diets. Unlike with older children there is little difference between school meals and packed lunches for younger children. Regulation policies on food outlets around secondary schools as well as improving food choices within school premises are needed.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:This study uses clinical practice data to determine whether recommended weight management clinician behaviors are associated with weight status improvement in children aged 6-12 years who are overweight or obese. METHODS:Electronic health record data (2009-2014) from 52 clinics were used. Weight status was examined from 1 visit to the next as dichotomous improvement (versus worsening or no change) and change in percentage overweight (over sex/age-specific BMI95). The primary predictor was a clinician behavior variable denoting attention to high BMI alone or with assessment of medical risk/comorbidities and was defined using combinations of diagnostic codes and electronic health record orders. Covariates included time between visits and medications associated with weight gain or loss. Adjusted multilevel regression models examined the association of the clinician behavior variable with weight status improvement. Analyses were conducted from 2015 to 2018. RESULTS:Children (n=7,205) had a mean age of 8.9 years; 45.5% were overweight, 54.5% obese, and 81.1% publicly insured. For 62% of overweight children, and 38%, 21%, and 11% of those in obesity classes 1-3, respectively, no attention to high BMI/medical risk assessment at any visit was identified. Children with evidence of clinician attention to high BMI alone and who underwent a medical risk assessment had significantly greater AOR of improvement in percentage of BMI95 and percentage of BMI95 change: BMI alone, AOR=1.2 (p<0.001) and ?= -0.3 (p>0.05); BMI/medical risk, AOR=1.2 and ?= -0.5 (both p<0.001). Other factors associated with weight status improvement included prescription medications (1 or more prescriptions associated with either weight loss or none associated with weight gain) and fewer months between visits. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study to use electronic health record data to demonstrate that widely recommended clinician behaviors are associated with weight status improvement in children aged 6-12 years who are overweight or obese.

Dataset Information

Diet-Related Behaviors and Diet Quality among School-Aged Adolescents Living in Greece.

Publications

Diet-Related Behaviors and Diet Quality among School-Aged Adolescents Living in Greece.

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