Dataset Information

Community-Level Factors Associated with COVID-19 Cases and Testing Equity in King County, Washington.

ABSTRACT: Individual-level Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) case data suggest that certain populations may be more impacted by the pandemic. However, few studies have considered the communities from which positive cases are prevalent, and the variations in testing rates between communities. In this study, we assessed community factors that were associated with COVID-19 testing and test positivity at the census tract level for the Seattle, King County, Washington region at the summer peak of infection in July 2020. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to estimate confirmed case counts, adjusted for testing numbers, which were associated with socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as poverty, educational attainment, transportation cost, as well as with communities with high proportions of people of color. Multivariate models were also used to examine factors associated with testing rates, and found disparities in testing for communities of color and communities with transportation cost barriers. These results demonstrate the ability to identify tract-level indicators of COVID-19 risk and specific communities that are most vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, as well as highlight the ongoing need to ensure access to disease control resources, including information and education, testing, and future vaccination programs in low-SES and highly diverse communities.

SUBMITTER: Seto E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7767300 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Community-Level Factors Associated with COVID-19 Cases and Testing Equity in King County, Washington.

Seto Edmund E Min Esther E Ingram Carolyn C Cummings B J BJ Farquhar Stephanie A SA

International journal of environmental research and public health 20201218 24

Individual-level Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) case data suggest that certain populations may be more impacted by the pandemic. However, few studies have considered the communities from which positive cases are prevalent, and the variations in testing rates between communities. In this study, we assessed community factors that were associated with COVID-19 testing and test positivity at the census tract level for the Seattle, King County, Washington region at the summer peak of infection i ...[more]

PMID: 33353095

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Project description:Determining the causes of biological impairment in urban stream settings presents unique challenges because there are many potential stressors associated with human development. A rigorous, scientifically based process is more likely to identify influential stressors that can be reduced to improve stream condition. We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) CADDIS (Causal Analysis/Decision Information System) stressor identification process to assess eight candidate causes in the urban Soos Creek Basin in Washington State. The eight candidate causes capable of negatively affecting the abundance and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates are: flow alteration, increased fine sediments, reduced habitat complexity, elevated water temperature, low dissolved oxygen, elevated nutrients, increased ionic concentration, and toxic pollutants. We assembled multiple lines of evidence, as well as the consistency of that evidence and agreement with other assessments. We evaluated the influence of natural and cumulative anthropogenic stressors on macroinvertebrate communities by comparing various chemical, physical, and biological measures at sites in the Soos Creek Basin with regional reference sites. Of the stressors evaluated, flow alteration, increased fine sediments, and loss of habitat complexity were the most probable causes of biological impairment, with multiple biological metrics responding predictably across levels of impairment. Key findings from this study include: the use of specific community alterations as evidence in causal assessment, demonstration of links in a complete causal pathway, and the use of multiple models to show which pathway is likely stronger. In addition to the value to the specific case, the analyses increased our understanding of the responses of stream invertebrate communities in urban environments. Ultimately, demonstrating the utility of causal assessment in a practical situation provides greater confidence that mitigation efforts aimed at improving biological health of urban stream communities will have detectable desired effects while also providing a baseline from which the effectiveness of management practices can be evaluated.

Dataset Information

Community-Level Factors Associated with COVID-19 Cases and Testing Equity in King County, Washington.

Publications

Community-Level Factors Associated with COVID-19 Cases and Testing Equity in King County, Washington.

Similar Datasets

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