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Confining TiO₂ Nanotubes in PECVD-Enabled Graphene Capsules Toward Ultrafast K-Ion Storage: In Situ TEM/XRD Study and DFT Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) has gained burgeoning attention for potassium-ion storage because of its large theoretical capacity, wide availability, and environmental benignity. Nevertheless, the inherently poor conductivity gives rise to its sluggish reaction kinetics and inferior rate capability. Here, we report the direct graphene growth over TiO₂ nanotubes by virtue of chemical vapor deposition. Such conformal graphene coatings effectively enhance the conductive environment and well accommodate the volume change of TiO₂ upon potassiation/depotassiation. When paired with an activated carbon cathode, the graphene-armored TiO₂ nanotubes allow the potassium-ion hybrid capacitor full cells to harvest an energy/power density of 81.2 Wh kg^-1/3746.6 W kg^-1. We further employ in situ transmission electron microscopy and operando X-ray diffraction to probe the potassium-ion storage behavior. This work offers a viable and versatile solution to the anode design and in situ probing of potassium storage technologies that is readily promising for practical applications.

SUBMITTER: Cai J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7770745 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Ti is characteristically bioinert and is supplemented with modifications in surface topography and chemistry to find use in biomedical applications. The aim of this study is to understand the effects of surface charge on TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) on Ti implants towards early stage osseointegration. We hypothesize that charge storage on TNT will improve bioactivity and enhance early-stage osseointegration in vivo. Commercially pure Ti surface was altered by growing TNT via anodic oxidation followed by the introduction of surface charge through electrothermal polarization to form bioelectret. Our results indicate a stored charge of 37.15 ± 14 mC/cm2 for TNT surfaces. The polarized TNT (TNT-Ps) samples did not show any charge leakage up to 18 months, and improved wettability with a measured contact angle less than 1°. No cellular toxicity through osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro were shown by the TNT-Ps. Enhanced new bone formation at 5 weeks post-implantation for the TNT-Ps in contrast to TNTs was observed in vivo. Histomorphometric analyses show ∼40% increase in mineralized bone formation around the TNT-P implants than the TNTs at 5 weeks, which is indicative of accelerated bone remodeling cycle. These results show that stored surface charge on TiO2 nanotubes helped to accelerate bone healing due to early-stage osseointegration in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: To improve surface bioactivity of metallic biomaterials, various approaches have been proposed and implemented. Among them, stored surface charge has been explored to enhance biological responses for hydroxyapatite ceramics where charged surfaces show favorable bone tissue ingrowth. However, surface charge effects have not yet been explored as a way to mitigate bio-inertness of titanium. This study intends to understand novel integration of bioactive titania-nanotubes and charge storage as surface modification for titanium implants. Our results show excellent biological response due to surface charge on titania-nanotubes offering possibilities of faster healing particularly for patients with compromised bone health.

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Confining TiO₂ Nanotubes in PECVD-Enabled Graphene Capsules Toward Ultrafast K-Ion Storage: In Situ TEM/XRD Study and DFT Analysis.

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Confining TiO2 Nanotubes in PECVD-Enabled Graphene Capsules Toward Ultrafast K-Ion Storage: In Situ TEM/XRD Study and DFT Analysis.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Confining TiO₂ Nanotubes in PECVD-Enabled Graphene Capsules Toward Ultrafast K-Ion Storage: In Situ TEM/XRD Study and DFT Analysis.