Dataset Information

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome among rural women in Mysore, India.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a strong predictor of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Studies in urban India have found about one-third of Indians suffer from MetS. Less is known about the prevalence of MetS in rural areas, where 70% of the population reside. This study examined the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a population of rural women in India.

Methods

Data were gathered in a community-based study of 500 rural and tribal women residing in the Mysore district, between the age of 30-59 years. The study used the WHO STEPS approach, in which information on demographics and behavioral risk factors were collected. Along with anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids were measured. A harmonized definition of MetS recommended by International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention was used in this study.

Results

Three out of five study participants were found to have MetS (47.1%, n = 223). Of those, 56.5% met 3 of the 5 criteria, 32.2% met 4 criteria, and 11.2% met all 5 criteria. Among the entire sample, low HDL was the most prevalent criterion (88.4%), followed by elevated glucose (57.9%), elevated triglycerides (49.3%), elevated BP (41.5%), and increased waist circumference (15.3%). In this sample, women with METS were generally older (p < 0.001), housewives (p = 0.001), that consumed salty highly processed foods (p = 0.020) and had low physical activity (p = 0.015).

Conclusions

This study showed a high prevalence of MetS in rural women. There is a compelling need for interventions aimed at reducing CHD risk factors in this population.

SUBMITTER: Krupp K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7772584 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome among rural women in Mysore, India.

Krupp Karl K Adsul Prajakta P Wilcox Meredith L ML Srinivas Vijaya V Frank Elizabeth E Srinivas Arun A Madhivanan Purnima P

Indian heart journal 20200922 6

<h4>Aims</h4>Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a strong predictor of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Studies in urban India have found about one-third of Indians suffer from MetS. Less is known about the prevalence of MetS in rural areas, where 70% of the population reside. This study examined the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a population of rural women in India.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were gathered in a community-based study of 500 rural and tribal women residing in the Mysore district, between th ...[more]

PMID: 33357649

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Project description:BackgroundPrevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and vitamin D deficiency was reported among postmenopausal women (PMW) in India. However, no report is available regarding the association of MS and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] among PMW in India. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of MS and 25(OH)D status as well as their association among rural PMW of West Bengal, India.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 randomly selected rural PMW in Singur Block, West Bengal, India. Serum 25(OH)D, Blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using standard procedures. MS was defined as per International Diabetes Federation, 2005 (for Asian-Indians) criteria. Statistical tests were done using SPSS software.ResultsPrevalence of metabolic syndrome was 46%. 51% and 19% PMW were vitamin D insufficient and deficient, respectively. 22% and 53% women having MS were vitamin D insufficient and deficient, respectively. Among the PMW, 21% and 47% with WC≥80cm; 22% and 62% with FBG≥110mg/dl; 21% and 54% with TG≥150mg/dl; 23% and 51% with HDL-C<50mg/dl, 15% and 55% with BP≥130/85mm of Hg were vitamin D insufficient and deficient, respectively. Significant statistical association between FBG and 25(OH)D status existed (p = 0.01). Significant positive correlation between WC and 25(OH)D level (p = 0.004) and significant negative correlation between FBG and 25(OH)D level observed (p = 0.02). WC was the only statistically significant predictor of the dependent variable. Odds of non-sufficient 25(OH)D level increased with decrease in WC.ConclusionHigh prevalence of MS as well as vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency existed among PMW of Singur block, West Bengal, India. 25(OH)D had significant inverse and direct relationship with FBG and WC. Low 25(OH)D may be one of the potential risk factors for developing MS in PMW or vice-versa.

Project description:Metabolic Syndrome (MS) increases the risk for Coronary Artery Disease, stroke and diabetes. MS is twice more common amongst South Asian immigrants in US compared to native Caucasians. There are no nationally representative studies on prevalence of MS from any of the South Asian countries. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of MS among Sri Lankan adults and investigates its relationships with socio-demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters. Data on MS and its associated details were obtained from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted between years 2005-2006. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed using the dichotomous variable MS (0?=?absent, 1?=?present). The independent co-variants were: gender, age category, area of residence, ethnicity, level of education, income and physical activity. Sample size was 4,485 (Response rate-89.7%), 39.5% were males and mean age was 46.1?±?15.1?years. The crude prevalence of MS was 27.1% (95% CI: 25.8-28.5), and age-adjusted prevalence was 24.3% (95% CI: 23.0-25.6). Prevalence in males and females were 18.4% (95% CI: 16.5-20.3) and 28.3% (95% CI: 26.6-30.0) respectively (p?<?0.001). Urban adults (34.8% [95% CI: 31.8-37.9]) had a significantly higher prevalence than rural adults (21.6% [95% CI: 20.2-23.0]). Among ethnic groups, the highest prevalence of MS was observed in Sri Lankan Moors (43.0% [95% CI: 37.2-48.9]). In all adults, MS was observed in those with the highest level of education and monthly household income. Prevalence of MS in the different physical activity categories of the IPAQ were; 'inactive'-38.8% (95% CI 34.5-43.2), 'moderately active'-33.5% (95% CI 30.9-36.1) and 'active'-21.1% (95% CI 19.6-22.7). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicates that female gender (OR:1.7), increasing age, urban living (OR:1.7), Moor ethnicity (OR:2.6), secondary (OR:1.5) and tertiary levels of education (OR:2.3), monthly household income LKR 7,000-24,999 (OR:1.5) and >50,000 (OR:2.1), and physical inactivity (OR:1.6), all significantly increased risk of developing MS. MS is common among Sri Lankan adults affecting nearly one-fourth of the population. Female gender, increasing age, urban living, higher socio-economical status and physical inactivity were important associated factors.

Project description:OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to identify predictors for the same, specific to an underdeveloped urban locale of Eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study, with multistage random sampling technique. SETTING: Urban city-dwellers in Orissa one of the poorest states of Eastern India bordering a prosperous state of Andhra Pradesh of Southern India. PARTICIPANTS: 1178 adults of age 20-80 years randomly selected from 37 electoral wards of the urban city. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome: We followed a unified definition of the metabolic syndrome by joint interim statement of five major scientific organizations - the International Diabetes Federation, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the American Heart Association, the World Heart Federation, the International Atherosclerosis Society, and the International Association of the Study of Obesity. Individuals who meet at least three of five clinical criteria of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceredimia, low HDL, hypertension, and hyperglycemia are diagnosed as having the condition; presence of none of these criteria is mandatory. Explicit cut points are defined for all criteria, except elevated waist circumference, which must rely on population and country-specific definitions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence and significant predictors of metabolic syndrome. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Both descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Age-standardized prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome were 33.5% overall, 24.9 % in males and 42.3% in females. Older age, female gender, general obesity, inadequate fruit intake, hypercholesterolemia, and middle-to-high socioeconomic status significantly contributed to increased risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome is a significant public health problem even in one of the poorest states of India that needs to be tackled with proven strategies.

Dataset Information

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome among rural women in Mysore, India.

Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome among rural women in Mysore, India.

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