Dataset Information

Burden of diabetic macular oedema in patients receiving antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy in South Korea: a healthcare resource use and cost analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To examine healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) and direct medical costs for patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) in Korea by comparing with those for (1) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without retinopathy and (2) patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

The Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) database from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016.

Participants

We identified 1398 patients older than 30 years of age who received anti-VEGF treatment for DME in 2015 after excluding patients who had a diagnosis of nAMD in 2015 and any cancer in the preceding year.

Main outcome measures

One-year healthcare resource use and direct medical costs of patients with DME treated with anti-VEGF.

Results

In total, 1398 patients with DME receiving anti-VEGF, 12 813 patients with DM without retinopathy and 12 222 patients with nAMD receiving anti-VEGF were identified. Hospital admissions and outpatient visits were highest in patients with DME, while the number of licensed anti-VEGF injections in those with DME was about half that of those with nAMD (2.1 vs 3.9 per patient per year). Mean 1-year medical costs were also higher in patients with DME (US$6723) than in those with DM without retinopathy (US$2687) and nAMD (US$4980). In a multivariable analysis with matched cohorts, DME was associated with 66% higher medical costs for comorbid diseases (adjusted OR (aOR), 1.66; 95% CI 1.45 to 1.90) and 50% lower anti-VEGF injections (aOR, 0.50; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.54) compared with nAMD.

Conclusions

The overall HRU and economic burden for DME treated with anti-VEGF were higher than for DM without retinopathy or for nAMD treated with anti-VEGF. Meanwhile, the lower number of licensed anti-VEGF injections compared with nAMD may reflect a potential lack of ophthalmological treatment for DME supported by the NHI in Korea.

SUBMITTER: Jeon HL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7778761 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Burden of diabetic macular oedema in patients receiving antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy in South Korea: a healthcare resource use and cost analysis.

Jeon Ha-Lim HL Lee Hyesung H Yoon Dongwon D Lee Yeonkyung Y Kim Jae Hui JH Jee Donghyun D Shin Ju-Young JY

BMJ open 20201229 12

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) and direct medical costs for patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) in Korea by comparing with those for (1) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without retinopathy and (2) patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>The Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) ...[more]

PMID: 33376178

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the costs and healthcare resources of patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) who received intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents or a dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX-implant) in Korea. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:The Korean National Health Insurance claim data from 1 January 2015 to 30 June 2017 were retrieved from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. PARTICIPANTS:Adult patients with DME who were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy or DME and received ranibizumab, aflibercept or a DEX-implant in conjunction with intravitreal injection were included. Patients whose primary diagnoses were age-related macular degeneration or retinal vein occlusion were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Healthcare resource utilisation and costs related to DME in the 12-month postindex period. RESULTS:During the study period, 182 patients and 414 patients were identified in the anti-VEGF and DEX-implant groups, respectively, and there was no significant difference in the demographic characteristics between the two groups. The outpatient eye care-related medical costs were US$3002.33 for the anti-VEGF group vs US$2250.35 for the DEX-implant group (p<0.0001). After adjusting the relevant covariates based on the generalised linear model, the estimated outpatient eye care-related medical costs were 33% higher in the anti-VEGF group than in the DEX-implant group (p<0.0001, 95% CI 22% to 45%). The utilisation pattern of the two groups showed no significant difference except for the number of intravitreal injections, which was higher in the anti-VEGF group (2.69±2.29) than in the DEX-implant group (2.09±1.37, p<0.001). CONCLUSION:The average annual eye-related medical cost of the DEX-implant group was significantly lower than that of the anti-VEGF group during the study period, which was mainly due to decreased utilisation of eye care-related injections. Further long-term studies are needed.

Project description:PurposeIntravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are effective in the treatment of central involving diabetic macular oedema (DMO). Vitreoretinal interface abnormalities (VRIA) are common in patients with DMO, and the effect of these on the response to anti-VEGF treatment is unclear. Furthermore the effect of anti-VEGF agents on the VRIA itself is uncertain.MethodProspective study of consecutive patients treated with ranibizumab (RZB) for DMO as part of routine clinical care in one eye unit over a 1-year period. Visual acuity (Va), central retinal thickness (CRT) and injection frequency data was recorded on an electronic database. Treatment was initiated with four monthly RZB injections and then a monthly PRN regime. All patients underwent high-density spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) at baseline and 12 months. The SDOCTs were graded by two observers masked to the outcome.ResultsOne hundred and four eyes (77 patients) were included in the analysis. The mean age was 62 years, and 62% were male. The mean presenting vision was 62 letters and CRT 472 ?m. Eighty eyes retained stable Va, and 17 had an improvement in Va. At baseline, 39 eyes had associated focal vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) and by 12 months this reduced to 30 (p?=?0.04), with 12 releasing VMA and three developing it. Patients with VMA had significantly better final Va than those without VMA. Improvement in CRT was greatest in those where VMA released during the study. Forty-five eyes had some degree of foveal involving epiretinal membrane (ERM) at baseline, and 28 were considered to have clinically significant ERM. There was no clinically relevant change in ERM during the study. Patients with significant ERM at baseline had a lower final vision. Multivariate analysis showed that ERM and more severe retinopathy at baseline were predictive of less visual improvement (p <?0.01). Shorter intraretinal cyst length, ERM and the absence of VMA at baseline were predictive of a worsened anatomical response (p?<?0.001).ConclusionVRIA are related to outcome in patients treated with RZB. ERM was associated with a worsened visual and anatomic response, and VMA with an improved anatomical response particularly when spontaneous VMA release occurred during treatment. The presence and severity of ERM was not affected by RZB treatment.

Project description:ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review is to appraise the evidence for the use of anti-VEGF drugs and steroids in diabetic macular oedema (DMO) as assessed by change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness and adverse eventsData sourceMEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science with Conference Proceedings and the Cochrane Library (inception to July 2012). Certain conference abstracts and drug regulatory web sites were also searched.Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventionsRandomised controlled trials were used to assess clinical effectiveness and observational trials were used for safety. Trials which assessed triamcinolone, dexamethasone, fluocinolone, bevacizumab, ranibizumab, pegaptanib or aflibercept in patients with DMO were included.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsRisk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Study results are narratively described and, where appropriate, data were pooled using random effects meta-analysis.ResultsAnti-VEGF drugs are effective compared to both laser and placebo and seem to be more effective than steroids in improving BCVA. They have been shown to be safe in the short term but require frequent injections. Studies assessing steroids (triamcinolone, dexamethasone and fluocinolone) have reported mixed results when compared with laser or placebo. Steroids have been associated with increased incidence of cataracts and intraocular pressure rise but require fewer injections, especially when steroid implants are used.LimitationsThe quality of included studies varied considerably. Five of 14 meta-analyses had moderate or high statistical heterogeneity.Conclusions and implications of key findingsThe anti-VEGFs ranibizumab and bevacizumab have consistently shown good clinical effectiveness without major unwanted side effects. Steroid results have been mixed and are usually associated with cataract formation and intraocular pressure increase. Despite the current wider spectrum of treatments for DMO, only a small proportion of patients recover good vision (?20/40), and thus the search for new therapies needs to continue.

Dataset Information

Burden of diabetic macular oedema in patients receiving antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy in South Korea: a healthcare resource use and cost analysis.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Main outcome measures

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Burden of diabetic macular oedema in patients receiving antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy in South Korea: a healthcare resource use and cost analysis.

Similar Datasets

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