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The complete mitochondrial genome of Meretrix lusoria (Bivalvia: Veneroida: Veneridae) from Kumamoto, Japan.

ABSTRACT: We sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Meretrix lusoria, from Kumamoto, Japan. The length of mitogenome is 20,180 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. The nucleotide composition of the mitogenome was 25.73% for A, 42.41% for T, 9.35% for C, and 22.49% for G. The AT and GC skewness of mitogenome sequence are -0.245 and 0.412, showing the T-skew and G-skew. The reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of 25 Bivalvia species based on 12 protein-coding genes were highly supported and the clade of all Meretrix clams included had a support value of 99%. Our results shall provide a better understanding in the evolutionary histories of the Veneroida and relative species.

SUBMITTER: Sung CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7782281 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Despite the large number of animal complete mitochondrial genomes currently available in public databases, knowledge about mitochondrial genomics in invertebrates is uneven. This paper reports, for the first time, the complete mitochondrial genome of the grooved carpet shell, Ruditapes decussatus, also known as the European clam. Ruditapes decussatus is morphologically and ecologically similar to the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, which has been recently introduced for aquaculture in the very same habitats of Ruditapes decussatus, and that is replacing the native species. Currently the production of the European clam is almost insignificant, nonetheless it is considered a high value product, and therefore it is an economically important species, especially in Portugal, Spain and Italy. In this work we: (i) assembled Ruditapes decussatus mitochondrial genome from RNA-Seq data, and validated it by Sanger sequencing; (ii) analyzed and characterized the Ruditapes decussatus mitochondrial genome, comparing its features with those of other venerid bivalves; (iii) assessed mitochondrial sequence polymorphism (SP) and copy number variation (CNV) of tandem repeats across 26 samples. Despite using high-throughput approaches we did not find evidence for the presence of two sex-linked mitochondrial genomes, typical of the doubly uniparental inheritance of mitochondria, a phenomenon known in ?100 bivalve species. According to our analyses, Ruditapes decussatus is more genetically similar to species of the Genus Paphia than to the congeneric Ruditapes philippinarum, a finding that bolsters the already-proposed need of a taxonomic revision. We also found a quite low genetic variability across the examined samples, with few SPs and little variability of the sequences flanking the control region (Largest Unassigned Regions (LURs). Strikingly, although we found low nucleotide variability along the entire mitochondrial genome, we observed high levels of length polymorphism in the LUR due to CNV of tandem repeats, and even a LUR length heteroplasmy in two samples. It is not clear if the lack of genetic variability in the mitochondrial genome of Ruditapes decussatus is a cause or an effect of the ongoing replacement of Ruditapes decussatus with the invasive Ruditapes philippinarum, and more analyses, especially on nuclear sequences, are required to assess this point.

Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial genome of Meretrix lusoria (Bivalvia: Veneroida: Veneridae) from Kumamoto, Japan.

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