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Steam pop during cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation shown by intracardiac echocardiography

ABSTRACT: Steam pop (SP) refers to audible sound related to the intramyocardial explosion when tissue temperatures reach 100 °C. In this case the SP was recorded using intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), using Sound-star probe and Smart-touch catheter with ablation index (AI) module (Biosense-Webster Inc., Diamond-Bar, CA, USA). Guided by the anatomical reconstruction (EAM) and electrograms, we applied radiofrequencies (RF) in a “point-by-point” along the entire line on cavo-tricuspid-isthmus (CTI) using a target of an AI ?500. The tip-tissue force recorded was 12–18 g and a power of 35 W. ICE imaging was important so that the anatomical position of the catheter tip can be precisely monitored. During RF, ICE showed a growing, hyperechogenic intramyocardial bubble at the catheter-tissue interface. ICE imaging showed a hyperechogenic intramyocardial formation at the moment of occurrence of the SP. ICE imaging showed that the formation suddenly expanded to a sphere over the course of several seconds. After SP we reduced the RF output energy from 35 W to 30 W. After RF line on CTI the patient had no complications and no recurrence of atrial flutter was recorded.

SUBMITTER: Santoro A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7783563 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundA new zero-fluoroscopy technique for electrophysiology catheter navigation relying on intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has been recently reported (Ice&ICE trial). We investigated potential differences in efficacy, safety or procedural performance between conventional fluoroscopy- and ICE-guided cryothermal ablation (CA) in symptomatic AVNRT patients.MethodsClinical and electrophysiological data of AVNRT patients included in the Ice&ICE trial (22 patients, 16 females; =zero-fluoroscopy group) were compared to those of consecutive AVNRT patients, who underwent fluoroscopy-guided CA (25 patients, 17 females; = fluoroscopy group) during the last 2 years in our institution.ResultsSlow pathway ablation or modulation was successful in all patients. Fluoroscopy time and radiation dose in the fluoroscopy group were 11.2?±?9.0?min and 20.3?±?16.2Gycm2, whereas no fluoroscopy was used in the opposite group (p <? 0.001, respectively). EPS duration was not different between the groups (zero-fluoroscopy:101.6?±?40.2?min, fluoroscopy:99.4?±?37.2?min, p =?n.s.). Catheter placement time was significantly shorter in the fluoroscopy group (2.2?±?1.6?min vs. 12.0?±?7.5?min, p <? 0.05), whereas cryo-application duration (from the first cryo-mapping to the last CA) was significantly shorter in the zero-fluoroscopy group (27.5?±?37.0?min vs. 38.1?±?33.9?min, p <? 0.05). Mean cryo-mapping and CA applications were numerically lower in the zero-fluoroscopy group (CM:7.5?±?5.7 vs. 8.8?±?6.2; CA:3.1?±?1.7 vs. 3.2?±?2.0, p =?n.s.). No major adverse events occurred in both groups. After 15.0?±?4.2?months, arrhythmia recurrence was not different between the groups (4.5% vs. 8.0%, p =?n.s.).ConclusionsZero-fluoroscopy ICE-guided EP catheter navigation shows comparable efficacy and safety to fluoroscopic guidance during CA in AVNRT patients. ICE visualization of catheters and endocardial structures within the triangle of Koch shortens the cryo-application duration, though time needed for catheter placement is longer, when compared with conventional fluoroscopic guidance, which results in similar mean EPS duration with both navigation techniques.Trial registration(German Clinical Trials Register ID: DRKS00011360 ; Registration Date 14.12.2016).

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Steam pop during cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation shown by intracardiac echocardiography

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