Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

19 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Tournament Mobility in Mathematics Course-Taking Pathways.

ABSTRACT: This visualization represents the structure of mathematics course opportunities as seen in the progress through middle and high school for one cohort of students in Texas. Trajectories are consistent with a tournament mobility regime in which there are repeated opportunities to fall behind but almost none to catch up. Pathways are also characterized by staggered starts, with differences in when students begin the mathematics sequence that have consequences for ultimate attainment. The structure of mathematics opportunities provides many points where trajectories diverge, and these branching points disproportionately sort economically disadvantaged students into less advanced pathways.

SUBMITTER: Hanselman P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7785097 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Tournament Mobility in Mathematics Course-Taking Pathways.

Hanselman Paul P

Socius : sociological research for a dynamic world 20200101

This visualization represents the structure of mathematics course opportunities as seen in the progress through middle and high school for one cohort of students in Texas. Trajectories are consistent with a tournament mobility regime in which there are repeated opportunities to fall behind but almost none to catch up. Pathways are also characterized by staggered starts, with differences in when students begin the mathematics sequence that have consequences for ultimate attainment. The structure ...[more]

PMID: 33409361

Similar Datasets

Gendered Pathways: How Mathematics Ability Beliefs Shape Secondary and Postsecondary Course and Degree Field Choices.

Project description:Do mathematics ability beliefs explain gender gaps in the physical science, engineering, mathematics, and computer science fields (PEMC) and other science fields? We leverage U.S. nationally representative longitudinal data to estimate gendered differences in girls' and boys' perceptions of mathematics ability with the most difficult or challenging material. Our analyses examine the potentially interacting effects of gender and these ability beliefs on students' pathways to scientific careers. Specifically, we study how beliefs about ability with challenging mathematics influence girls' and boys' choices to pursue PEMC degrees, evaluating educational milestones over a 6-year period: advanced science course completion in secondary school and postsecondary major retention and selection. Our findings indicate even at the same levels of observed ability, girls' mathematics ability beliefs under challenge are markedly lower than those of boys. These beliefs matter over time, potentially tripling girls' chances of majoring in PEMC sciences, over and above biological science fields, all else being equal. Implications and potential interventions are discussed.

| S-EPMC5382838 | biostudies-literature

Enhancing interdisciplinary mathematics and biology education: a microarray data analysis course bridging these disciplines.

Project description:BIO2010 put forth the goal of improving the mathematical educational background of biology students. The analysis and interpretation of microarray high-dimensional data can be very challenging and is best done by a statistician and a biologist working and teaching in a collaborative manner. We set up such a collaboration and designed a course on microarray data analysis. We started using Genome Consortium for Active Teaching (GCAT) materials and Microarray Genome and Clustering Tool software and added R statistical software along with Bioconductor packages. In response to student feedback, one microarray data set was fully analyzed in class, starting from preprocessing to gene discovery to pathway analysis using the latter software. A class project was to conduct a similar analysis where students analyzed their own data or data from a published journal paper. This exercise showed the impact that filtering, preprocessing, and different normalization methods had on gene inclusion in the final data set. We conclude that this course achieved its goals to equip students with skills to analyze data from a microarray experiment. We offer our insight about collaborative teaching as well as how other faculty might design and implement a similar interdisciplinary course.

| S-EPMC2931669 | biostudies-literature

Effects of using mobile augmented reality for simple interest computation in a financial mathematics course.

Project description:Understanding the concept of simple interest is essential in financial mathematics because it establishes the basis to comprehend complex conceptualizations. Nevertheless, students often have problems learning about simple interest. This paper aims to introduce a prototype called "simple interest computation with mobile augmented reality" (SICMAR) and evaluate its effects on students in a financial mathematics course. The research design comprises four stages: (i) planning; (ii) hypotheses development; (iii) software development; and (iv) design of data collection instruments. The planning stage explains the problems that students confront to learn about simple interest. In the second stage, we present the twelve hypotheses tested in the study. The stage of software development discusses the logic implemented for SICMAR functionality. In the last stage, we design two surveys and two practice tests to assess students. The pre-test survey uses the attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) model to assess students' motivation in a traditional learning setting. The post-test survey assesses motivation, technology usage with the technology acceptance model (TAM), and prototype quality when students use SICMAR. Also, students solve practice exercises to assess their achievement. One hundred three undergraduates participated in both sessions of the study. The findings revealed the direct positive impact of SICMAR on students' achievement and motivation. Moreover, students expressed their interest in using the prototype because of its quality. In summary, students consider SICMAR as a valuable complementary tool to learn simple interest topics.

| S-EPMC8279137 | biostudies-literature

Life Course Pathways Into Intergenerational Caregiving.

Project description:ObjectivesWe develop a framework for the analysis of pathways into intergenerational caregiving to older people provided by family members using life course concepts of key turning events in life, cumulative processes, and linked lives within the family realm.MethodsUsing framework analysis, we analyze semistructured qualitative interviews from a sample of dyads (older cared-for adults and their main family carers comprised of children, children-in-law, and grandchildren) in Austria (N = 24) and Slovenia (N = 52). Data were collected in 2019 through purposive sampling, including dyads from a differentiated socioeconomic background and gender.ResultsThe analysis reveals 4 nonexclusive pathways into caregiving. One pathway is associated with single turning events occurring in family or work trajectories of carers that expanded the possibilities for caregiving later in life. A second pathway referred to cumulative processes that later influenced transitions into caregiving, such as personal biographies marked by weak labor market attachment. Another cumulative pathway, exclusive to caregiving, is characterized by continued and sustained exchanges of support within families that cement reciprocal ties that underpin caregiving at later stages. In the fourth pathway, life trajectories of siblings, but also family relationships and conflicts, constrained carers into their role.DiscussionDecisions regarding caregiving within families can be best understood as processes, linked to developments in other trajectories in carers' lives, as much as to internal family dynamics and relationships. Becoming a carer may be itself the result of intertwined accumulated vulnerabilities, as well as cumulative exchanges within families.

| S-EPMC9255941 | biostudies-literature

Early Engagement in Course-Based Research Increases Graduation Rates and Completion of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Degrees.

Project description:National efforts to transform undergraduate biology education call for research experiences to be an integral component of learning for all students. Course-based undergraduate research experiences, or CUREs, have been championed for engaging students in research at a scale that is not possible through apprenticeships in faculty research laboratories. Yet there are few if any studies that examine the long-term effects of participating in CUREs on desired student outcomes, such as graduating from college and completing a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) major. One CURE program, the Freshman Research Initiative (FRI), has engaged thousands of first-year undergraduates over the past decade. Using propensity score-matching to control for student-level differences, we tested the effect of participating in FRI on students' probability of graduating with a STEM degree, probability of graduating within 6 yr, and grade point average (GPA) at graduation. Students who completed all three semesters of FRI were significantly more likely than their non-FRI peers to earn a STEM degree and graduate within 6 yr. FRI had no significant effect on students' GPAs at graduation. The effects were similar for diverse students. These results provide the most robust and best-controlled evidence to date to support calls for early involvement of undergraduates in research.

| S-EPMC4909342 | biostudies-literature

The impact of stress on tournament entry.

Project description:Individual willingness to enter competitive environments predicts career choices and labor market outcomes. Meanwhile, many people experience competitive contexts as stressful. We use two laboratory experiments to investigate whether factors related to stress can help explain individual differences in tournament entry. Experiment 1 studies whether stress responses (measured as salivary cortisol) to taking part in a mandatory tournament predict individual willingness to participate in a voluntary tournament. We find that competing increases stress levels. This cortisol response does not predict tournament entry for men but is positively and significantly correlated with choosing to enter the tournament for women. In Experiment 2, we exogenously induce physiological stress using the cold-pressor task. We find a positive causal effect of stress on tournament entry for women but no effect for men. Finally, we show that although the effect of stress on tournament entry differs between the genders, stress reactions cannot explain the well-documented gender difference in willingness to compete.

| S-EPMC5425495 | biostudies-literature

Life-course Social Mobility and Reduced Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes.

Project description:Higher adult socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with better birth outcomes. However, few studies incorporate life-course or intergenerational SEP, which may inform etiology and targeted prevention efforts. This study tested whether life-course social mobility from childhood was associated with lower risk of adverse birth outcomes.Data were from the Life-course Influences of Fetal Environments (LIFE) retrospective cohort study among black women, 2009-2011, in metropolitan Detroit, MI. This study (analyzed in 2014-2016) examined whether social mobility was associated with two primary birth outcomes: small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm birth (PTB). Childhood and adulthood SEP were measured by survey in adulthood, for two constructs, measured ordinally: educational attainment and perceived financial sufficiency (subjective income/wealth). Social mobility was calculated as the difference of adulthood minus childhood SEP.In covariate-adjusted Poisson regression models, 1-SD improved educational social mobility from childhood to adulthood was protective for SGA (adjusted risk ratio=0.76; 95% CI=0.64, 0.91); this association remained after adjusting for financial mobility. Upward financial social mobility from early childhood was marginally protective for SGA (adjusted risk ratio=0.85; 95% CI=0.72, 1.02), but became nonsignificant after controlling educational mobility. There were no overall associations of social mobility with PTB or low birth weight, although sensitivity analyses identified that improved financial mobility was associated with 16% marginally lower risk of spontaneous PTB and 28% marginally lower risk of low birth weight among upwardly mobile/stable women only.Improved life-course social mobility is associated with reduced risk for SGA and spontaneous PTB among black women.

| S-EPMC5167500 | biostudies-literature

Intended and Unintended Effects of State-Mandated High School Science and Mathematics Course Graduation Requirements on Educational Attainment.

Project description:Mathematics and science course graduation requirement (CGR) increases in the 1980s and 1990s might have had both intended and unintended consequences. Using logistic regression with Census and American Community Survey (ACS) data (n = 2,892,444), we modeled CGR exposure on (a) high school dropout, (b) beginning college, and (c) obtaining any college degree. Possible between-groups differences were also assessed. We found that higher CGRs were associated with higher odds to drop out of high school, but results for the college-level outcomes varied by group. Some were less likely to enroll, whereas others who began college were more likely to obtain a degree. Increased high school dropout was consistent across the population, but some potential benefit was also observed, primarily for those reporting Hispanic ethnicity.

| S-EPMC4275121 | biostudies-literature

Universal statistics of the knockout tournament.

Project description:We study statistics of the knockout tournament, where only the winner of a fixture progresses to the next. We assign a real number called competitiveness to each contestant and find that the resulting distribution of prize money follows a power law with an exponent close to unity if the competitiveness is a stable quantity and a decisive factor to win a match. Otherwise, the distribution is found narrow. The existing observation of power law distributions in various kinds of real sports tournaments therefore suggests that the rules of those games are constructed in such a way that it is possible to understand the games in terms of the contestants' inherent characteristics of competitiveness.

| S-EPMC3824171 | biostudies-other

Neural alignment predicts learning outcomes in students taking an introduction to computer science course.

Project description:Despite major advances in measuring human brain activity during and after educational experiences, it is unclear how learners internalize new content, especially in real-life and online settings. In this work, we introduce a neural approach to predicting and assessing learning outcomes in a real-life setting. Our approach hinges on the idea that successful learning involves forming the right set of neural representations, which are captured in canonical activity patterns shared across individuals. Specifically, we hypothesized that learning is mirrored in neural alignment: the degree to which an individual learner's neural representations match those of experts, as well as those of other learners. We tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal functional MRI study that regularly scanned college students enrolled in an introduction to computer science course. We additionally scanned graduate student experts in computer science. We show that alignment among students successfully predicts overall performance in a final exam. Furthermore, within individual students, we find better learning outcomes for concepts that evoke better alignment with experts and with other students, revealing neural patterns associated with specific learned concepts in individuals.

| S-EPMC7997890 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data