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A new species of Chromis damselfish from the tropical western Atlantic (Teleostei, Pomacentridae).

ABSTRACT: Initially described in 1882, Chromis enchrysurus, the Yellowtail Reeffish, was redescribed in 1982 to account for an observed color morph that possesses a white tail instead of a yellow one, but morphological and geographic boundaries between the two color morphs were not well understood. Taking advantage of newly collected material from submersible studies of deep reefs and photographs from rebreather dives, this study sought to determine whether the white-tailed Chromis is actually a color morph of Chromis enchrysurus or a distinct species. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial genes cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I separated Chromis enchrysurus and the white-tailed Chromis into two reciprocally monophyletic clades. A principal component analysis based on 27 morphological characters separated the two groups into clusters that correspond with caudal-fin coloration, which was either known or presumed based on the specimen's collection site according to biogeographic data on species boundaries in the Greater Caribbean. Genetic, morphological, and biogeographic data all indicate that the white-tailed Chromis is a distinct species, herein described as Chromis vanbebberae sp. nov. The discovery of a new species within a conspicuous group such as damselfishes in a well-studied region of the world highlights the importance of deep-reef exploration in documenting undiscovered biodiversity.

SUBMITTER: McFarland EP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7790814 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Three new species of Chromis (Teleostei, Pomacentridae) from mesophotic coral ecosystems of the Philippines.

Project description:?Three new species of Chromis (Perciformes, Pomacentridae) from the Philippines, collected between 75-150 m depth, are described by a combination of morphological features and their coloration. Chromisgunting sp. n. was found in Batangas and Oriental Mindoro, and differs from its congeners in body depth (2.1-2.2 in SL), and color of adults, light brown, with a silver area on the anterior end and a bilateral black margin along the exterior side of the tail. It is most similar to C.scotochiloptera, with a 5.3% genetic divergence in COI. Chromishangganan sp. n. was found around Lubang Island. Body depth (1.9-2.0 in SL) and adult coloration (yellowish with dark black outer margins on dorsal and anal fins) also separate this species from its congeners. It is most similar to C.pembae, with a 2.5% genetic divergence. Chromisbowesi sp. n. was found in Batangas, and also differs from its congeners by the combination of body depth (1.5-1.6 in SL), and color of adults (brownish grey in the dorsal side to whitish on the ventral side, with alternating dark and light stripes in the sides of body). It is most similar to C.earina, with a 3.6% genetic divergence in COI.

| S-EPMC6477865 | biostudies-literature

Genetic multipartitions based on D-Loop sequences and chromosomal patterns in brown chromis, Chromis multilineata (Pomacentridae), in the Western Atlantic.

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<i>Altrichthys alelia</i>, a new brooding damselfish (Teleostei, Perciformes, Pomacentridae) from Busuanga Island, Philippines.

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Effects of nautical traffic and noise on foraging patterns of Mediterranean damselfish (Chromis chromis).

Project description:Chromis chromis is a key species in the Mediterranean marine coastal ecosystems where, in summer, recreational boating and its associated noise overlap. Anthropogenic noise could induce behavioural modifications in marine organisms, thereby affecting population dynamics. In the case of an important species for the ecosystem like C. chromis, this could rebound on the community structure. Here, we measured nautical traffic during the summer of 2007 in a Southern Mediterranean Marine Protected Area (MPA) and simultaneously the feeding behaviour of C. chromis was video-recorded, within both the no-take A-zone and the B-zone where recreational use is allowed. Feeding frequencies, escape reaction and school density were analysed. C. chromis specimens were also collected from 2007 to 2008 to evaluate their physiological state using the Body Condition Index as a proxy of feeding efficiency. The MPA was more exploited by nautical tourism during holidays than on weekdays, particularly in the middle of the day. Greater traffic volume corresponded with lower feeding frequencies. The escape reaction was longer in duration (>1 min) when boat passed nearby, while moored boats did not induce an escape response. We found no differences in density between schools in the A- and B-zones and worse body conditions among those individuals inhabiting the B-zone in one area only. Overall, our findings revealed a significant modification of the daily foraging habits of C. chromis due to boat noise, which was slightly buffered by no-take zones established within the MPA.

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Tropical Western Atlantic lithistids

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Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species.

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| S-EPMC3088046 | biostudies-literature

Effects of Photoperiod Manipulation on Gonadal Activity of the Damselfish, Chromis notata.

Project description:This study investigated the effect of different photoperiods (14L: 10D, 12L:12D and 10L:14D) on the gonadal development and GtH mRNA expression in the pituitary of damselfish. The results showed that gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly lower in shot photoperiod (10L:14D), in comparison with other photoperiodic group during the spawning season. After 60 days treatment, histological analysis of gonad tissue showed that the gonad of 10L:14D and 12L: 12D treatment groups were resting phase with spermatogonia and perinucleolus stage oocytes but the gonad of 14L:10D treatment group was still ripe phase with spermatozoa and mature stage oocyte. The FSHβ and LHβ mRNA expression in pituitary drastically decreased shot photoperiod treatment from July (spawning period). These results suggest that photoperiod is considered to be the most effective environmental factor in controlling the reproductive cycle of damselfish.

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An examination of introgression and incomplete lineage sorting among three closely related species of chocolate-dipped damselfish (genus: <i>Chromis</i>).

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Project description:Pempheris gasparinii sp. n. is described from five specimens, 59.1-68.0 mm in standard length. It is only known to occur in the shallow reefs of Trindade Island, 1200 km east of the Brazilian coast, in the southwestern Atlantic. Pempheris gasparinii is the third recognized species of Pempheris in the Atlantic Ocean. This new species is morphologically similar to its close relative, Pempheris poeyi, differing by the number of lateral-line scales (51-54 in Pempheris gasparinii vs. 47-49 in Pempheris poeyi), scales below lateral line (10-11 vs. 9), circumpeduncular scales (11-12 vs. 13), head and caudal peduncle lengths (2.7-3.3 vs 3.5-4.0 in head length). Moreover, Pempheris gasparinii shows a 4% genetic divergence from Pempheris poeyi at the cytochrome oxidase I locus (COI), consistent with a lineage split at the beginning of the Pleistocene. This new species represents the 12(th) endemic fish species from Trindade Island.

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Targeted microarray analysis of two symbiotic cyanobacterial diazotroph strains in the western tropical North Atlantic

Project description:We designed a new specific mRNA microarray targeting a subset of genes (956) of the diazotrophs Richelia intracellularis and Calothrix rhizosoleniae (genomes RintRC01, RintHH01, RintHM01 and CalSC01) which associate with diatom hosts. The aim was to be able to describe the gene expressions of genes related to several metabolic pathways, specifically nitrogen fixation and how they possibly differed between the closely related strains based on environment and host association. In this study we focused on the RintRC01 and RintHH01. To better understand how the gene expression of nitrogen fixation genes relates to nitrogen fixation rates both gene expression and rate measurements were done in parallell.

2019-10-31 | GSE139589 | GEO

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