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Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interaction between Organic Phosphates and Goethite.

ABSTRACT: Today's fertilizers rely heavily on mining phosphorus (P) rocks. These rocks are known to become exhausted in near future, and therefore effective P use is crucial to avoid food shortage. A substantial amount of P from fertilizers gets adsorbed onto soil minerals to become unavailable to plants. Understanding P interaction with these minerals would help efforts that improve P efficiency. To this end, we performed a molecular level analysis of the interaction of common organic P compounds (glycerolphosphate (GP) and inositol hexaphosphate (IHP)) with the abundant soil mineral (goethite) in presence of water. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for goethite-IHP/GP-water complexes using the multiscale quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method. Results show that GP forms monodentate (M) and bidentate mononuclear (B) motifs with B being more stable than M. IHP interacts through multiple phosphate groups with the 3M motif being most stable. The order of goethite-IHP/GP interaction energies is GP M < GP B < IHP M < IHP 3M. Water is important in these interactions as multiple proton transfers occur and hydrogen bonds are formed between goethite-IHP/GP complexes and water. We also present theoretically calculated infrared spectra which match reasonably well with frequencies reported in literature.

SUBMITTER: Ganta PB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7795625 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interaction between Organic Phosphates and Goethite.

Ganta Prasanth B PB Kühn Oliver O Ahmed Ashour A AA

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20201231 1

Today's fertilizers rely heavily on mining phosphorus (P) rocks. These rocks are known to become exhausted in near future, and therefore effective P use is crucial to avoid food shortage. A substantial amount of P from fertilizers gets adsorbed onto soil minerals to become unavailable to plants. Understanding P interaction with these minerals would help efforts that improve P efficiency. To this end, we performed a molecular level analysis of the interaction of common organic P compounds (glycer ...[more]

PMID: 33396506

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Project description:We investigated excess electron solvation dynamics in (NH3)n- ammonia clusters in the n = 8-32 size range by performing finite temperature molecular dynamics simulations. In particular, we focused on three possible scenarios. The first case is designed to model electron attachment to small neutral ammonia clusters (n ≤ ∼10) that form hydrogen-bonded chains. The excess electron is bound to the clusters via dipole bound states, and persists with a VDE of ∼160 meV at 100 K for the n = 8 cluster. The coupled nuclear and electronic relaxation is fast (within ∼100 fs) and takes place predominantly by intermolecular librational motions and the intramolecular umbrella mode. The second scenario illustrates the mechanism of excess electron attachment to cold compact neutral clusters of medium size (8 ≤ n ≤ 32). The neutral clusters show increasing tendency with size to bind the excess electron on the surface of the clusters in weakly bound, diffuse, and highly delocalized states. Anionic relaxation trajectories launched from these initial states provide no indication for excess electron stabilization for sizes n < 24. Excess electrons are likely to autodetach from these clusters. The two largest investigated clusters (n = 24 and 32) can accommodate the excess electron in electronic states that are mainly localized on the surface, but they may be partly embedded in the cluster. In the last 500 fs of the simulated trajectories, the VDE of the solvated electron fluctuates around ∼200 meV for n = 24 and ∼500 meV for n = 32, consistent with the values extrapolated from the experimentally observed linear VDE-n-1/3 trend. In the third case, we prepared neutral ammonia cluster configurations, including an n = 48 cluster, that contain possible electron localization sites within the interior of the cluster. Excess electrons added to these clusters localize in cavities with high VDEs up to 1.9 eV for n = 48. The computed VDE values for larger clusters are considerably higher than the experimentally observed photoelectric threshold energy for the solvated electron in bulk ammonia (∼1.4 eV). Molecular dynamics simulations launched from these initial cavity states strongly indicate, however, that these cavity structures exist only for ∼200 fs. During the relaxation the electron leaves the cavity and becomes delocalized, while the cluster loses its initial compactness.

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Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interaction between Organic Phosphates and Goethite.

Publications

Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Interaction between Organic Phosphates and Goethite.

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