Dataset Information

A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced oral health assessment was performed at baseline, and oral frailty was defined as having ?3 of the following six components: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low tongue pressure, and difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Nutritional status assessment was performed at baseline and two-year follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment^®-Short Form (MNA^®-SF). Deteriorating nutritional status was defined as a decline in the nutritional status categories based on the MNA^®-SF score during the study period. The association between oral frailty and deteriorating nutritional status was assessed using logistic regression analyses.

Results

Oral frailty was observed in 67 (14.4%) participants at baseline. During the study, 58 (12.4%) participants exhibited deteriorating nutritional status. After adjusting for potential confounders, oral frailty was significantly associated with deteriorating nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-4.63).

Conclusion

Community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty had an increased risk of deteriorating nutritional status.

SUBMITTER: Iwasaki M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7796237 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Iwasaki Masanori M Motokawa Keiko K Watanabe Yutaka Y Shirobe Maki M Inagaki Hiroki H Edahiro Ayako A Ohara Yuki Y Hirano Hirohiko H Shinkai Shoji S Awata Shuichi S

International journal of environmental research and public health 20201230 1

<h4>Background</h4>Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults.<h4>Methods</h4>The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced ...[more]

PMID: 33396639

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Project description:BackgroundKorea is expected to become a super-aged society in 2026, and improving nutritional status, which is directly related to health problems, is therefore important for increasing healthy life expectancy. Frailty is the most complex phenotype of aging, and leads to adverse health outcomes, disability, poor quality of life, hospitalization, and mortality. Malnutrition is a major risk factor for frailty syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of pre-frailty or frailty in the second wave (T2, 2018-2019) according to general characteristics and nutritional status in the first wave (T1, 2016-2017); and examine the longitudinal association of nutritional status in T1 and the incidence of pre-frailty or frailty in T2 among older adults living in a community.MethodsA secondary data analysis was performed using the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). Participants comprised 1125 community-dwelling older Korean adults aged 70-84 years (mean age: 75.03 ± 3.56 years; 53.8% males). Frailty was assessed using the Fried frailty index, and nutritional status was assessed using the Korean version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form and blood nutritional biomarkers. Binary logistic regression was used to identify longitudinal associations between the nutritional status at T1 and pre-frailty or frailty at T2.ResultsOver the two-year follow-up period, 32.9% and 1.7% of the participants became pre-frail and frail, respectively. After the potential confounders were adjusted (sociodemographic, health behaviors, and health status characteristics), pre-frailty or frailty had a significant longitudinal association with severe anorexia (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-16.54), moderate anorexia (AOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.46-3.64), psychological stress or acute disease (AOR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.26-5.39), and body mass index (BMI) less than 19 (AOR, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.20-14.04).ConclusionsAnorexia, psychological stress, acute disease, and low BMI are the most significant longitudinal risk factors for pre-frailty or frailty in older adults. As nutritional risk factors may be preventable or modifiable, it is important to develop interventions targeting the same. Community-based health professionals in health-related fields should recognize and manage these indicators appropriately to prevent frailty among older adults living in the community.

Project description:BackgroundIt is important to clarify the transitions and related factors of frailty for prevention of frailty. We evaluated the transitions of frailty among community-dwelling older adults and examined the predictors of the transitions.MethodsA cohort study was conducted among 3988 community residents aged ≥60 years during 2015 and 2017. A multiple deficits approach was used to construct the Frailty Index (FI) according to the methodology of FI construction, and sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyles were also collected in 2015. After 2-year follow-up, the transitions of frailty between baseline and were evaluated. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine associations between predictors and the transitions of frailty.ResultsThe proportion of robust, prefrail, and frail was 79.5, 16.4, and 4.1% among 3988 participants at baseline, which changed to 68.2, 23.0, and 8.8% after 2 years with 127 deaths and 23 dropped out. Twelve kinds of transitions from the three frailty statuses at baseline to four outcomes at follow-up (including death) significantly differed within each of gender and age group, as well between genders and age groups. Among these, 7.8% of prefrail or frail elders improved, 70.0% retained their frailty status, and 22.2% of robust or prefrail elders worsened in frailty status. In multivariable models, age was significantly associated with changes in frailty except for in the frail group; higher educational level and working predicted a lower risk of robust worsening. Of the lifestyle predictors, no shower facilities at home predicted a higher risk of robust worsening; more frequent physical exercise predicted a lower risk of robust worsening and a higher chance of frailty improvement; more frequent neighbor interaction predicted a lower risk of robust worsening and prefrail worsening; and more frequent social participation predicted a higher chance of prefrail improvement.ConclusionsThe status of frailty was reversible among community-dwelling elderly, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were related to changes in frailty. These findings help health practitioners to recognize susceptible individuals in a community and provide health promotional planning to target aged populations.

Project description:So far, it has not yet been studied whether socioeconomic status is associated with distinct frailty components and for which frailty component this association is the strongest. We aimed to examine the association between socioeconomic status and frailty and frailty components. In addition we assessed the mediating effect of the number of morbidities on the association between socioeconomic status and other frailty components.This is a cross-sectional study of pooled data of The Older Persons and Informal Caregivers Survey Minimum DataSet in the Netherlands among community-dwelling persons aged 55 years and older (n = 26,014). Frailty was measured with a validated Frailty Index that consisted of 45 items. The Frailty Index contained six components: morbidities, limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), limitations in instrumental ADL (IADL), health-related quality of life, psychosocial health and self-rated health. Socioeconomic indicators used were education level and neighbourhood socioeconomic status.Persons with primary or secondary education had higher overall frailty and frailty component scores compared to persons with tertiary education (P < .001). Lower education levels were most consistently associated with higher overall frailty, more morbidities and worse self-rated health (P < .05 in all age groups). The strongest association was found between primary education and low psychosocial health for persons aged 55-69 years and more IADL limitations for persons aged 80+ years. Associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status and frailty (components) also showed inequalities, although less strong. The number of morbidities moderately to strongly mediated the association between socioeconomic indicators and other frailty components.There are socioeconomic inequalities in frailty and frailty components. Inequalities in frailty, number of morbidities and self-rated health are most consistent across age groups. The number of morbidities a person has play an important role in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in frailty and should be taken into account in the management of frailty.

Dataset Information

A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Similar Datasets

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