Dataset Information

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults with psychotic disorders in Eldoret, Kenya.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with psychotic disorders may increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, relatively little work in this field has emerged from low-resourced contexts. This study investigated the prevalence, correlates, and treatment patterns of metabolic disorders in patients with psychotic disorders in Western Kenya.

Methods

300 patients with psychosis and 300 controls were recruited at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya. Data on demographic characteristics, weight, height, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profile, and treatments were collected. Categorical and continuous data were compared between the patient and control groups using Pearson's chi-squared tests and t-tests, respectively. Variables found to be significantly different between these groups were included in logistic regression models to determine potential predictors of metabolic syndrome.

Results

Compared to controls, patients with psychosis were found to have a higher mean random blood glucose [5.23 vs 4.79, p = 0.003], higher body mass index [5.23 vs 4.79, p = 0.001], higher triglycerides [1.98 vs 1.56, p<0.001], larger waist circumference [89.23 vs 86.39, p = 0.009] and lower high density lipoprotein [1.22 vs 1.32, p<0.001]. The odds of developing metabolic syndrome were increased with age [OR = 1.05, CI: 1.02-1.07] and presence of a psychotic disorder [OR = 2.09 [CI 1.23-3.55]; and were reduced with female gender [OR 0.41, CI 0.25-0.67], among those who were never married [OR 0.52, CI 0.28-0.94] and among the widowed/separated/ divorced marital status [OR 0.38, CI 0.17-0.81]. While the majority of patients received treatment with olanzapine, there was no association between olanzapine use and metabolic syndrome and its components. More than half of the patients in this study sample were not receiving treatment for the various components of metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion

In the study setting of Eldoret, metabolic syndrome and its components were more prevalent among patients with psychotic disorders than in controls; and a clear treatment gap for these disorders was evident. There is a need for efforts to ensure adequate screening and treatment for these physical disorders in resource-limited settings.

SUBMITTER: Kwobah E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7799838 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults with psychotic disorders in Eldoret, Kenya.

Kwobah Edith E Koen Nastassja N Mwangi Ann A Atwoli Lukoye L Stein Dan J DJ

PloS one 20210111 1

<h4>Background</h4>A high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with psychotic disorders may increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, relatively little work in this field has emerged from low-resourced contexts. This study investigated the prevalence, correlates, and treatment patterns of metabolic disorders in patients with psychotic disorders in Western Kenya.<h4>Methods</h4>300 patients with psychosis and 300 controls were recruited at Moi Teachi ...[more]

PMID: 33428652

Similar Datasets

Project description:Metabolic Syndrome (MS) increases the risk for Coronary Artery Disease, stroke and diabetes. MS is twice more common amongst South Asian immigrants in US compared to native Caucasians. There are no nationally representative studies on prevalence of MS from any of the South Asian countries. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of MS among Sri Lankan adults and investigates its relationships with socio-demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters. Data on MS and its associated details were obtained from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted between years 2005-2006. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed using the dichotomous variable MS (0?=?absent, 1?=?present). The independent co-variants were: gender, age category, area of residence, ethnicity, level of education, income and physical activity. Sample size was 4,485 (Response rate-89.7%), 39.5% were males and mean age was 46.1?±?15.1?years. The crude prevalence of MS was 27.1% (95% CI: 25.8-28.5), and age-adjusted prevalence was 24.3% (95% CI: 23.0-25.6). Prevalence in males and females were 18.4% (95% CI: 16.5-20.3) and 28.3% (95% CI: 26.6-30.0) respectively (p?<?0.001). Urban adults (34.8% [95% CI: 31.8-37.9]) had a significantly higher prevalence than rural adults (21.6% [95% CI: 20.2-23.0]). Among ethnic groups, the highest prevalence of MS was observed in Sri Lankan Moors (43.0% [95% CI: 37.2-48.9]). In all adults, MS was observed in those with the highest level of education and monthly household income. Prevalence of MS in the different physical activity categories of the IPAQ were; 'inactive'-38.8% (95% CI 34.5-43.2), 'moderately active'-33.5% (95% CI 30.9-36.1) and 'active'-21.1% (95% CI 19.6-22.7). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicates that female gender (OR:1.7), increasing age, urban living (OR:1.7), Moor ethnicity (OR:2.6), secondary (OR:1.5) and tertiary levels of education (OR:2.3), monthly household income LKR 7,000-24,999 (OR:1.5) and >50,000 (OR:2.1), and physical inactivity (OR:1.6), all significantly increased risk of developing MS. MS is common among Sri Lankan adults affecting nearly one-fourth of the population. Female gender, increasing age, urban living, higher socio-economical status and physical inactivity were important associated factors.

Project description:BackgroundHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection causes a myriad of neurological complications including cognitive deficits referred to as HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND). With the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, there has been an epidemiological shift in cognitive disorders with a decline in the more severe HIV-Associated Dementia (HAD) to an increase in the less severe HAND: Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment (ANI) and HIV-associated Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND). Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement in HIV interferes with cognitively demanding activities of daily living and hence a worse quality of life. Early diagnosis is delayed until symptoms are overt.MethodsWe conducted a cross sectional analytical study of HIV infected persons on antiretroviral therapy attending HIV clinic. A systematic random sampling was done to select 360 patients. An interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data while the CD4 count and viral load were retrieved from the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) database. Pearson's Chi Square test was used to compare proportions while independent sample t- test was used to compare continuous variables between the patients diagnosed with HAND and those without HAND. Logistic regression model was used to assess the factors associated with HAND.ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 40.2 years. The overall prevalence of HAND was (81.1%) N = 292. Mild HAND (ANI and MND) was present (78.6%) N = 283, Severe HAND (HAD) (2.5%) N = 9. The factors associated with HAND were older age OR: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.10), male gender OR: 0.48 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.97), Advanced WHO clinical staging OR: 2.45 (95% CI: 1.20, 5.01) and a higher level of education; secondary/tertiary OR: 0.16 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.38); 0.11 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.35).ConclusionThe prevalence of HAND in this study population was found to be high (81.1%). Older age and advanced WHO clinical staging were associated with an increased risk of hand while higher level of education and male gender were protective.

Project description:BackgroundCurrent evidence on management of impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains scarce, and exploring modifiable risk factors is crucial.ObjectiveWe evaluated the profiles of ICDs in PD patients and aimed to determine the associations between ICDs, metabolic syndrome components and other clinical features.MethodsWe enrolled patients diagnosed with PD in this study and conducted comprehensive clinical assessments.ResultsWe recruited 39 PD patients with ICDs and 66 PD patients without ICDs. Out of the 39 patients with ICDs, 19 (48.7%) had one impulse control disorder, while 20 (51.3%) had two or more. The most commonly reported symptom of ICDs was compulsive eating (48.7%). Significant differences were observed between the PD patients with and without ICDs in terms of their HbA1c levels, history of diabetes mellitus, dopamine agonist use, levodopa equivalent dose of dopamine agonists (LED DA), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores. HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the PD patients with compulsive eating. Stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed with the dependent variables of ICDs (yes/no) and compulsive eating (yes/no). Among the 105 PD patients, those with ICDs exhibited higher levels of HbA1c, HAMD score and LED DA than those without ICDs (p < 0.01). Among 39 PD patients with ICDs, those with compulsive eating exhibited higher levels of HbA1c (OR = 2.148, 95% CI = 1.004-4.594, p < 0.05). Among 105 PD patients, those with compulsive eating exhibited higher levels of HbA1c, LED DA and HAMD score (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study provides insights into the profiles of ICDs in PD patients and their associations with various clinical features. Compulsive eating was the most common ICDs symptom reported. Notably, HbA1c levels were found to be higher in patients with compulsive eating, indicating that poor blood glucose control may be a potential risk factor for ICDs in PD. However, it should be noted that the higher HbA1c levels could also be a consequence of compulsive eating rather than a causal factor for ICDs in PD. Further research is needed to confirm the modifiable risk factors for ICDs in PD.

Dataset Information

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults with psychotic disorders in Eldoret, Kenya.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults with psychotic disorders in Eldoret, Kenya.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets