Dataset Information

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medical fern Drynaria roosii and its phylogenetic analysis.

ABSTRACT: In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of the medical fern Drynaria roosii was completed and analyzed in order to understand the evolution of the genome of the fern lineages. In D. roosii, the circular double-stranded cpDNA sequence of 154,305?bp consists of two inverted repeat (IRA and IRB) regions of 23,416?bp each, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 86,040?bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 21,433?bp. The overall GC content is 40.92% and the GC contents of LSC, IRs, and SSC are 39.75%, 45.07%, and 36.60%, respectively. D. roosii with 108 annotated unique genes included 85 protein-coding genes, 19 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Using the whole chloroplast genome sequences alignment of 18 species from ferns, the phylogenetic relationship was built. The phylogenetic position of D. roosii was closely clustered with Adiantum capillus-veneris, Cheilanthes lindheimeri, and Pteridium aquilium subsp. Aquilinum as sister species and then clustered with Alsophila spinulosa, Lygodium japonicum, Diplopterygium glaucum, and Osmundastrum cinnamomeum. D. roosii belongs to Polypodiales. The complete chloroplast genome of D. roosii provides utility information for ferns evolutionary and genomic studies.

SUBMITTER: Sun M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7800187 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medical fern Drynaria roosii and its phylogenetic analysis.

Sun Meiyu M Li Jingrui J Li Dong D Shi Lei L

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20170109 1

In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of the medical fern Drynaria roosii was completed and analyzed in order to understand the evolution of the genome of the fern lineages. In D. roosii, the circular double-stranded cpDNA sequence of 154,305 bp consists of two inverted repeat (IRA and IRB) regions of 23,416 bp each, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 86,040 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 21,433 bp. The overall GC content is 40.92% and the GC contents of LSC, ...[more]

PMID: 33473696

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Ferns have generally been neglected in studies of chloroplast genomics. Before this study, only one polypod and two basal ferns had their complete chloroplast (cp) genome reported. Tree ferns represent an ancient fern lineage that first occurred in the Late Triassic. In recent phylogenetic analyses, tree ferns were shown to be the sister group of polypods, the most diverse group of living ferns. Availability of cp genome sequence from a tree fern will facilitate interpretation of the evolutionary changes of fern cp genomes. Here we have sequenced the complete cp genome of a scaly tree fern Alsophila spinulosa (Cyatheaceae). RESULTS: The Alsophila cp genome is 156,661 base pairs (bp) in size, and has a typical quadripartite structure with the large (LSC, 86,308 bp) and small single copy (SSC, 21,623 bp) regions separated by two copies of an inverted repeat (IRs, 24,365 bp each). This genome contains 117 different genes encoding 85 proteins, 4 rRNAs and 28 tRNAs. Pseudogenes of ycf66 and trnT-UGU are also detected in this genome. A unique trnR-UCG gene (derived from trnR-CCG) is found between rbcL and accD. The Alsophila cp genome shares some unusual characteristics with the previously sequenced cp genome of the polypod fern Adiantum capillus-veneris, including the absence of 5 tRNA genes that exist in most other cp genomes. The genome shows a high degree of synteny with that of Adiantum, but differs considerably from two basal ferns (Angiopteris evecta and Psilotum nudum). At one endpoint of an ancient inversion we detected a highly repeated 565-bp-region that is absent from the Adiantum cp genome. An additional minor inversion of the trnD-GUC, which is possibly shared by all ferns, was identified by comparison between the fern and other land plant cp genomes. CONCLUSION: By comparing four fern cp genome sequences it was confirmed that two major rearrangements distinguish higher leptosporangiate ferns from basal fern lineages. The Alsophila cp genome is very similar to that of the polypod fern Adiantum in terms of gene content, gene order and GC content. However, there exist some striking differences between them: the trnR-UCG gene represents a putative molecular apomorphy of tree ferns; and the repeats observed at one inversion endpoint may be a vestige of some unknown rearrangement(s). This work provided fresh insights into the fern cp genome evolution as well as useful data for future phylogenetic studies.

Dataset Information

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medical fern Drynaria roosii and its phylogenetic analysis.

Publications

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medical fern <i>Drynaria roosii</i> and its phylogenetic analysis.

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