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Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the tropical hornet Vespa affinis (Insecta, Hymenoptera).

ABSTRACT: We analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of the Asian tropical hornet Vespa affinis from Ishigaki Island, Japan. It consisted of a circular molecule with 19,109?bp, which is larger to other hornet species e.g. V. velutina. We predicted the genome contained 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and two rRNA genes, along with one A?+?T-rich control region. The repetitive sequences were confirmed at multiple positions in the non-coding genes. The initiation codons ATA was found in one, ATG in seven, and ATT in five genes, while the termination codons TAA and TAG were observed 11 and two genes, respectively. The average AT content of the genome was 78.4%.

SUBMITTER: Okuyama H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7800416 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the tropical hornet Vespa affinis (Insecta, Hymenoptera).

Okuyama Hisashi H Martin Stephen J SJ Takahashi Jun-Ichi JI

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20171107 2

We analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of the Asian tropical hornet Vespa affinis from Ishigaki Island, Japan. It consisted of a circular molecule with 19,109 bp, which is larger to other hornet species e.g. V. velutina. We predicted the genome contained 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and two rRNA genes, along with one A + T-rich control region. The repetitive sequences were confirmed at multiple positions in the non-coding genes. The initiation codons ATA was found in one, ATG ...[more]

PMID: 33473977

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Project description:Distinct animal lineages have convergently recruited venoms as weaponry for prey capture, anti-predator defence, conspecific competition, or a combination thereof. Most studies, however, have been primarily confined to a narrow taxonomic breadth. The venoms of cone snails, snakes, spiders and scorpions remain particularly well-investigated. Much less explored are the venoms of wasps (Order: Hymenoptera) that are infamous for causing excruciating and throbbing pain, justifying their apex position on Schmidt's pain index, including some that are rated four on four. For example, the lesser banded wasp (V. affinis) is clinically important yet has only been the subject of a few studies, despite being commonly found across tropical and subtropical Asia. Stings from these wasps, especially from multiple individuals of a nest, often lead to clinically severe manifestations, including mastocytosis, myasthenia gravis, optic neuropathy, and life-threatening pathologies such as myocardial infarction and organ failure. However, their venom composition and activity remain unexplored in the Indian subcontinent. Here, we report the proteomic composition, transcriptomic profile, and biochemical and pharmacological activities of V. affinis venom from southern India. Our findings suggest that wasp venoms are rich in diverse toxins that facilitate antipredator defence. Biochemical and pharmacological assessments reveal that these toxins can exhibit significantly higher activities than their homologues in medically important snakes. Their ability to exert potent effects on diverse molecular targets makes them a treasure trove for discovering life-saving therapeutics. Fascinatingly, wasp venoms, being evolutionarily ancient, exhibit a greater degree of compositional and sequence conservation across very distant populations/species, which contrasts with the patterns of venom evolution observed in evolutionarily younger lineages, such as advanced snakes and cone snails.

Dataset Information

Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the tropical hornet Vespa affinis (Insecta, Hymenoptera).

Publications

Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the tropical hornet <i>Vespa affinis</i> (Insecta, Hymenoptera).

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