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The complete mitochondrial genome of a tertiary relict evergreen woody plant Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.

ABSTRACT: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is a tertiary relict evergreen broad-leaf shrub in family Fabaceae with remarkable tolerance to desiccation and low temperature. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of A. mongolicus. The total genome length was 475,396?bp and contained a total of 127 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes (28 novel genes, 45 known functional genes, and six known orf genes), three rRNA genes, and 45 tRNA genes. Most of the genes were single-copy genes, only six were duplicated and two were multi-copy. The mitochondrial genome also contained 'promiscuous' sequences from the chloroplast, 16 intact tRNAs of mitochondrial origin, and 29 intact and potentially functional chloroplast-derived tRNAs. The overall GC content of the mitochondrial DNA was 42.75%. A neighbour-joining phylogenomic analysis showed that A. mongolicus was closely related to Medicago truncatula, which also belongs to family Leguminosae.

SUBMITTER: Yu T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7800826 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete mitochondrial genome of a tertiary relict evergreen woody plant Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.

Yu Tingqiao T Sun Lichun L Cui Hongwei H Liu Shengli S Men Jingyu J Chen Shaoliang S Chen Yuzhen Y Lu Cunfu C

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20171212 1

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is a tertiary relict evergreen broad-leaf shrub in family Fabaceae with remarkable tolerance to desiccation and low temperature. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of A. mongolicus. The total genome length was 475,396 bp and contained a total of 127 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes (28 novel genes, 45 known functional genes, and six known orf genes), three rRNA genes, and 45 tRNA genes. Most of the genes were single-copy gen ...[more]

PMID: 33474049

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Project description:BackgroundThe molecular mechanisms involved in plant tolerance to either drought or cold have been extensively studied in many plant species. However, few studies have focused on their comparisons especially using non-model plants with strong tolerance to both stresses. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim. ex Kom.) Cheng f. is the only evergreen broadleaf shrub grown in the central Asian desert and it has very strong cold and drought tolerance. To provide further insights into plant tolerance, the transcriptome profiles of drought- and cold-treated A. mongolicus seedlings were analyzed using Illumina technology and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared.ResultsA comprehensive transcriptome of A. mongolicus was sequenced using pooled mRNA extracted from drought-, cold-stressed and unstressed seedlings as well as leaves from naturally grown shrub. These sequences were assembled into 86058 unigenes, of which 51014 unigenes had an annotated function and 2440 encoded transcription factors (TFs). Transcriptome profiles were analyzed in A. mongolicus seedlings after drought and cold treatments at three time points (2, 8 and 24 h). Between 3917 and 6102 unigenes were identified as DEGs at a single time point in both stresses. Among these DEGs 2028 and 2026 DEGs were common across the three time points of drought and cold treatments respectively, and 971 DEGs were co-regulated by both stresses. Functional enrichment analyses identified many common or specific biological processes and gene sets in response to drought and cold stresses. The most pronounced findings are that flavonoid biosynthesis genes were enriched in the DEGs co-up-regulated by both stresses; while membrane protein genes and genes related to chloroplast were abundant in the DEGs specifically up-regulated by drought or cold, respectively. Furthermore, the DREB, ERF, NAC and WRKY TFs were predominantly co-up-regulated by both stresses.ConclusionsThe present study provides the most comprehensive transcriptome resource and the first dynamic transcriptome profiles of A. mongolicus under drought and cold stresses. This information will deepen our understanding of plant tolerance to drought and cold. The up-regulated DEGs will be valuable for further investigations of key genes and molecular mechanisms involved in the adaptation of A. mongolicus to harsh environments.

Project description:Surface mining is a critical anthropogenic activity that significantly alters the ecosystem. Revegetation practices are largely utilized to compensate for these detrimental impacts of surface mining. In this study, we investigated the effects of five water (W) regimes [W40: 40%, W48: 48%, W60: 60%, W72: 72%, and W80: 80% of field capacity (FC)], five nitrogen (N) (N0: 0, N24: 24, N60: 60, N96: 96, and N120: 120 mg kg-1 soil), and five phosphorus (P) fertilizer doses (P0: 0, P36: 36, P90: 90, P144: 144, and P180: 180 mg kg-1 soil) on morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus plants to assess the capability of this species to be used for restoration purposes. The results showed that under low W-N resources, A. mongolicus exhibited poor growth performance (i.e., reduced plant height, stem diameter, and dry biomass) in coal-degraded spoils, indicating that A. mongolicus exhibited successful adaptive mechanisms by reducing its biomass production to survive long in environmental stress conditions. Compared with control, moderate to high W and N-P application rates greatly enhanced the net photosynthesis rates, transpiration rates, water-use efficiency, chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, total Chl, and carotenoid contents. Under low-W content, the N-P fertilization enhanced the contents of proline and soluble sugar, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in leaf tissues, reducing the oxidative stress. Changes in plant growth and metabolism in W-shortage conditions supplied with N-P fertilization may be an adaptive strategy that is essential for its conservation and restoration in the desert ecosystem. The best growth performance was observed in plants under W supplements corresponding to 70% of FC and N and P doses of 33 and 36 mg kg-1 soil, respectively. Our results provide useful information for revegetation and ecological restoration in coal-degraded and arid-degraded lands in the world using endangered species A. mongolicus.

Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial genome of a tertiary relict evergreen woody plant Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.

Publications

The complete mitochondrial genome of a tertiary relict evergreen woody plant <i>Ammopiptanthus mongolicus</i>.

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