Dataset Information

ANN based modelling of hydrodynamic cavitation processes: Biomass pre-treatment and wastewater treatment.

ABSTRACT: We have developed artificial neural network (ANN) based models for simulating two application examples of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) namely, biomass pre-treatment to enhance biogas and degradation of organic pollutants in water. The first case reports data on influence of number of passes through HC reactor on bio-methane generation from bagasse. The second case reports data on influence of HC reactor scale on degradation of dichloroaniline (DCA). Similar to most of the HC based applications, the availability of experimental data for these two applications is rather limited. In this work a systematic methodology for developing ANN model is presented. The models were shown to describe the experimental data very well. The ANN models were then evaluated for their ability to interpolate and extrapolate. Despite the limited data, the ANN models were able to simulate and interpolate the data for two very different and complex HC applications very well. The extrapolated results of biomethane generation in terms of number of passes were consistent with the intuitive understanding. The extrapolated results in terms of elapsed time were however not consistent with the intuitive understanding. The ANN model was able to generate intuitively consistent extrapolated results for degradation of DCA in terms of number of passes as well as scale of HC reactor. The results will be useful for developing quantitative models of complex HC applications.

SUBMITTER: Ranade NV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7803855 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ANN based modelling of hydrodynamic cavitation processes: Biomass pre-treatment and wastewater treatment.

Ranade Nanda V NV Nagarajan Sanjay S Sarvothaman Varaha V Ranade Vivek V VV

Ultrasonics sonochemistry 20201228

We have developed artificial neural network (ANN) based models for simulating two application examples of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) namely, biomass pre-treatment to enhance biogas and degradation of organic pollutants in water. The first case reports data on influence of number of passes through HC reactor on bio-methane generation from bagasse. The second case reports data on influence of HC reactor scale on degradation of dichloroaniline (DCA). Similar to most of the HC based applications, ...[more]

PMID: 33383539

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Project description:Highlights • Vortex based hydrodynamic cavitation was shown to enhance rate of extraction from macroalgae by an order of magnitude.• Per-pass extraction factor was found to be proportional to the mass fraction of product in macroalgae.• Pressure drop of 200 kPa was found to exhibit maximum rate of extraction within the considered range (50–300 kPa)• Energetic productivity (kg of product/kJ) was found to decrease steeply with increase in number of passes beyond 100. Macroalgae have a tremendous potential to become an important renewable resource for valuable biomolecules and chemicals. New and improved ways of cell disruption and of enhancing rate as well as yield of extraction of valuable products from macroalgae are needed to fully realise this potential. In this work, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) was used for intensifying rate and yield of extraction of phycoerythrin, proteins and carbohydrates from marine macroalgae Palmaria palmata. We use vortex-based HC devices which do not use small restrictions like orifice-based HC devices or moving parts like rotor–stator based HC devices. A bench scale setup with a nominal slurry flow rate of 20 LPM was established. Dried and powdered macroalgae was used. Influence of key operating parameters like pressure drop and number of passes on extraction performance (the rate and yield) was measured. A simple, yet effective model was developed and used for interpreting and describing experimental data. The results indicate that there exists an optimum pressure drop across the device at which extraction performance is maximum. The extraction performance with HC was found to be significantly better than the stirred vessels. HC has resulted in 2 to 20 times improvement in the rate of extraction of phycoerythrin (R-PE), proteins and carbohydrates. Based on the results obtained in this work, pressure drop of 200 kPa and number of passes through the HC devices of about 100 were found to be most effective for HC-assisted intensified extraction from macroalgae. The presented results and model will be useful for harnessing vortex-based HC devices for intensifying the extraction of valuable products from macroalgae.

Project description:Direct treatment of municipal wastewater (MWW) based on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria holds promise to turn the energy balance of wastewater treatment neutral or even positive. Currently, anammox processes are successfully implemented at full scale for the treatment of high-strength wastewaters, whereas the possibility of their mainstream application still needs to be confirmed. In this study, the growth of anammox organisms on aerobically pre-treated municipal wastewater (MWW(pre-treated)), amended with nitrite, was proven in three parallel reactors. The reactors were operated at total N concentrations in the range 5-20 mg(N)∙L(-1), as expected for MWW. Anammox activities up to 465 mg(N)∙L(-1)∙d(-1) were reached at 29 °C, with minimum doubling times of 18 d. Lowering the temperature to 12.5 °C resulted in a marked decrease in activity to 46 mg(N)∙L(-1)∙d(-1) (79 days doubling time), still in a reasonable range for autotrophic nitrogen removal from MWW. During the experiment, the biomass evolved from a suspended growth inoculum to a hybrid system with suspended flocs and wall-attached biofilm. At the same time, MWW(pre-treated) had a direct impact on process performance. Changing the influent from synthetic medium to MWW(pre-treated) resulted in a two-month delay in net anammox growth and a two to three-fold increase in the estimated doubling times of the anammox organisms. Interestingly, anammox remained the primary nitrogen consumption route, and high-throughput 16S rRNA gene-targeted amplicon sequencing analyses revealed that the shift in performance was not associated with a shift in dominant anammox bacteria ("Candidatus Brocadia fulgida"). Furthermore, only limited heterotrophic denitrification was observed in the presence of easily biodegradable organics (acetate, glucose). The observed delays in net anammox growth were thus ascribed to the acclimatization of the initial anammox population or/and the development of a side population beneficial for them. Additionally, by combining microautoradiography and fluorescence in situ hybridization it was confirmed that the anammox organisms involved in the process did not directly incorporate or store the amended acetate and glucose. In conclusion, these investigations strongly support the feasibility of MWW treatment via anammox.

Dataset Information

ANN based modelling of hydrodynamic cavitation processes: Biomass pre-treatment and wastewater treatment.

Publications

ANN based modelling of hydrodynamic cavitation processes: Biomass pre-treatment and wastewater treatment.

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