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Pyroelectric nanoplates for reduction of CO₂ to methanol driven by temperature-variation.

ABSTRACT: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a problematic greenhouse gas, although its conversion to alternative fuels represents a promising approach to limit its long-term effects. Here, pyroelectric nanostructured materials are shown to utilize temperature-variations and to reduce CO₂ for methanol. Layered perovskite bismuth tungstate nanoplates harvest heat energy from temperature-variation, driving pyroelectric catalytic CO₂ reduction for methanol at temperatures between 15 °C and 70 °C. The methanol yield can be as high as 55.0 μmol⋅g^-1 after experiencing 20 cycles of temperature-variation. This efficient, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly pyroelectric catalytic CO₂ reduction route provides an avenue towards utilizing natural diurnal temperature-variation for future methanol economy.

SUBMITTER: Xiao L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7804252 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pyroelectric nanoplates for reduction of CO2 to methanol driven by temperature-variation.

Xiao Lingbo L Xu Xiaoli X Jia Yanmin Y Hu Ge G Hu Jun J Yuan Biao B Yu Yi Y Zou Guifu G

Nature communications 20210112 1

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a problematic greenhouse gas, although its conversion to alternative fuels represents a promising approach to limit its long-term effects. Here, pyroelectric nanostructured materials are shown to utilize temperature-variations and to reduce CO2 for methanol. Layered perovskite bismuth tungstate nanoplates harvest heat energy from temperature-variation, driving pyroelectric catalytic CO2 reduction for methanol at temperatures between 15 °C ...[more]

PMID: 33436627

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Project description:NDIR CO2 gas sensors using a 10-cm-long gas channel and CMOS-compatible 12% doped ScAlN pyroelectric detector have previously demonstrated detection limits down to 25 ppm and fast response time of ∼2 s. Here, we increase the doping concentration of Sc to 20% in our ScAlN-based pyroelectric detector and miniaturize the gas channel by ∼65× volume with length reduction from 10 to 4 cm and diameter reduction from 5 to 1 mm. The CMOS-compatible 20% ScAlN-based pyroelectric detectors are fabricated over 8-in. wafers, allowing cost reduction leveraging on semiconductor manufacturing. Cross-sectional TEM images show the presence of abnormally oriented grains in the 20% ScAlN sensing layer in the pyroelectric detector stack. Optically, the absorption spectrum of the pyroelectric detector stack across the mid-infrared wavelength region shows ∼50% absorption at the CO2 absorption wavelength of 4.26 μm. The pyroelectric coefficient of these 20% ScAlN with abnormally oriented grains shows, in general, a higher value compared to that for 12% ScAlN. While keeping the temperature variation constant at 2 °C, we note that the pyroelectric coefficient seems to increase with background temperature. CO2 gas responses are measured for 20% ScAlN-based pyroelectric detectors in both 10-cm-long and 4-cm-long gas channels, respectively. The results show that for the miniaturized CO2 gas sensor, we are able to measure the gas response from 5000 ppm down to 100 ppm of CO2 gas concentration with CO2 gas response time of ∼5 s, sufficient for practical applications as the average outdoor CO2 level is ∼400 ppm. The selectivity of this miniaturized CO2 gas sensor is also tested by mixing CO2 with nitrogen and 49% sulfur hexafluoride, respectively. The results show high selectivity to CO2 with nitrogen and 49% sulfur hexafluoride each causing a minimum ∼0.39% and ∼0.36% signal voltage change, respectively. These results bring promise to compact and miniature low cost CO2 gas sensors based on pyroelectric detectors, which could possibly be integrated with consumer electronics for real-time air quality monitoring.

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Pyroelectric nanoplates for reduction of CO₂ to methanol driven by temperature-variation.

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Pyroelectric nanoplates for reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to methanol driven by temperature-variation.

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