Dataset Information

Investigating the Hand Ownership Illusion With Two Views Merged in.

ABSTRACT: Researchers investigating virtual/augmented reality have shown humans' marked adaptability, especially regarding our sense of body ownership; their cumulative findings have expanded the concept of what it means to have a body. Herein, we report the hand ownership illusion during "two views merged in." In our experiment, participants were presented two first-person perspective views of their arm overlapped, one was the live feed from a camera and the other was a playback video of the same situation, slightly shifted toward one side. The relative visibility of these two views and synchrony of tactile stimulation were manipulated. Participants' level of embodiment was evaluated using a questionnaire and proprioceptive drift. The results show that the likelihood of embodying the virtual hand is affected by the relative visibility of the two views and synchrony of the tactile events. We observed especially strong hand ownership of the virtual hand in the context of high virtual hand visibility with synchronous tactile stimulation.

SUBMITTER: Okumura K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7805733 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Investigating the Hand Ownership Illusion With Two Views Merged in.

Okumura Keisuke K Ora Hiroki H Miyake Yoshihiro Y

Frontiers in robotics and AI 20200415

Researchers investigating virtual/augmented reality have shown humans' marked adaptability, especially regarding our sense of body ownership; their cumulative findings have expanded the concept of what it means to have a body. Herein, we report the hand ownership illusion during "two views merged in." In our experiment, participants were presented two first-person perspective views of their arm overlapped, one was the live feed from a camera and the other was a playback video of the same situati ...[more]

PMID: 33501217

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Project description:The rubber hand illusion refers to the observation that participants perceive "body ownership" for a rubber hand if it moves, or is stroked in synchrony with the participant's real (covered) hand. Research indicates that events targeting artificial body parts can trigger affective responses (affective resonance) only with perceived body ownership, while neuroscientific findings suggest affective resonance irrespective of ownership (e.g., when observing other individuals under threat). We hypothesized that this may depend on the severity of the event. We first replicated previous findings that the rubber hand illusion can be extended to virtual hands-the virtual-hand illusion. We then tested whether hand ownership and affective resonance (assessed by galvanic skin conductance) are modulated by the experience of an event that either "impacted" (a ball hitting the hand) or "threatened" (a knife cutting the hand) the virtual hand. Ownership was stronger if the virtual hand moved synchronously with the participant's own hand, but this effect was independent from whether the hand was impacted or threatened. Affective resonance was mediated by ownership however: In the face of mere impact, participants showed more resonance in the synchronous condition (i.e., with perceived ownership) than in the asynchronous condition. In the face of threat, in turn, affective resonance was independent of synchronicity-participants were emotionally involved even if a threat was targeting a hand that they did not perceive as their own. Our findings suggest that perceived body ownership and affective responses to body-related impact or threat can be dissociated and are thus unlikely to represent the same underlying process. We argue that affective reactions to impact are produced in a top-down fashion if the impacted effector is assumed to be part of one's own body, whereas threatening events trigger affective responses more directly in a bottom-up fashion-irrespective of body ownership.

Project description:The appearance of the self-body influences the feeling that one's body belongs to oneself, that is, a sense of ownership (SoO) and pain perception. This can be identified by measuring the SoO and pain thresholds after performing the rubber hand illusion (RHI) with an injured rubber hand. The generation of SoO is thought to be caused by multisensory integration of bottom-up factors (vision, proprioceptive, and touch), and by top-down factors, such as the context effect. The appearance is one of the context effects which may become more effective when used simultaneously with other context effects (e.g., verbal suggestion). However, in the RHI, when appearance and other context effects are used simultaneously, the effect is unclear. In this study, we attempted to identify the influence of verbal suggestion on the SoO and heat pain threshold (HPT). As a preliminary step, in Experiment 1, the "normal" rubber hand and "penetrated nail" as injured rubber hand were used to clarify the context effect with appearance alone during RHI (synchronous/asynchronous), which was conducted within-subjects. In Experiment 2, we only used the "penetrated nail" rubber hand to clarify the context effect with verbal suggestion and appearance during RHI. We randomly classified participants into two suggestion groups ("fear" and "no-fear"). The RHI (synchronous/asynchronous) was conducted for each group. In each experiment, the effect of each condition was assessed by subjective measures of SoO, such as questionnaire, and objective measures of SoO, such as proprioceptive drift and electrodermal activity. Following RHI in each condition, HPT was measured. The main finding was that, in the synchronous condition, the "penetrated nail" appearance with "fear" verbal suggestion modulated questionnaire and HPT, but not electrodermal activity. We conclude that the context-included multisensory integration affected the subjective factors because it contains a higher cognitive process by verbal suggestion.

Dataset Information

Investigating the Hand Ownership Illusion With Two Views Merged in.

Publications

Investigating the Hand Ownership Illusion With Two Views Merged in.

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