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Rapid screening on aflatoxins' presence in Pistachia vera nuts using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and chemometrics.

ABSTRACT: Aflatoxin contamination in pistachios has been analyzed in this work, using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with chemometrics. Forty-nine Greek pistachio samples of different aflatoxin concentrations were classified into aflatoxin and non-aflatoxin groups using the 3035-2821, 1770-1721, 1570-1481 and 1260-1061 cm^-1 spectral regions in Kubelka-Munk conversion and first derivative form. A chemometric model was developed using twenty-eight samples as calibration, 11 as validation and 10 as test set. The discrimination analysis separated correctly the 100% of the calibration and the validation set and the 80% of the test set. The proposed chemometric model is simple, rapid, economical and environmentally friendly since it does not require chemical pre-treatment of the samples. It is expected that the present method may be proved useful in food industry and the inspection authorities as a rapid decision-making tool to detect batches that must be rejected and enhance consumers' protection from aflatoxin contaminated pistachios.

SUBMITTER: Valasi L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7813946 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ecological risk assessment on heavy metals in soils: Use of soil diffuse reflectance mid-infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy.

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Identification of Rice Varieties and Transgenic Characteristics Based on Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Chemometrics.

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| S-EPMC6943625 | biostudies-literature

Fourier transform infrared with attenuated total reflectance applied to the discrimination of freshwater planktonic coccoid green microalgae.

Project description:Despite the recent advances on fine taxonomic discrimination in microorganisms, namely using molecular biology tools, some groups remain particularly problematic. Fine taxonomy of green algae, a widely distributed group in freshwater ecosystems, remains a challenge, especially for coccoid forms. In this paper, we propose the use of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as part of a polyphasic approach to identify and classify coccoid green microalgae (mainly order Sphaeropleales), using triplicated axenic cultures. The attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technique was tested to reproducibility of IR spectra of the biological material, a primary requirement to achieve good discrimination of microalgal strains. Spectral window selection was also tested, in conjunction with the first derivative treatment of spectra, to determine which regions of the spectrum provided better separation and clustering of strains. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) and hierarchical clusters (HCA), demonstrated a correct discrimination and classification of closely related strains of chlorophycean coccoid microalgae, with respect to currently accepted classifications. FTIR-ATR was highly reproducible, and provided an excellent discrimination at the strain level. The best separation was achieved by analyzing the spectral windows of 1500-1200 cm(-1) and 900-675 cm(-1), which differs from those used in previously studies for the discrimination of broad algal groups, and excluding spectral regions related to storage compounds, which were found to give poor discrimination. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analyses have positioned the strains tested into clades correctly, reproducing their taxonomic orders and families. This study demonstrates that FTIR-ATR has great potential to complement classical approaches for fine taxonomy of coccoid green microalgae, though a careful spectrum region selection is needed.

| S-EPMC4277285 | biostudies-literature

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