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Vaccine-related major cutaneous reaction size correlates with cellular-mediated immune responses after tularaemia immunisation.


ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularaemia, is an exceptionally infectious bacterium, potentially fatal for humans if left untreated and with the potential to be developed as a bioweapon. Both natural infection and live-attenuated vaccine strain (LVS) confer good protection against tularaemia. LVS vaccination is traditionally administered by scarification, and the formation of a cutaneous reaction or take at the vaccination site is recognised as a clinical correlate of protection. Although previous studies have suggested that high antibody titres following vaccination might serve as a useful surrogate marker, the immunological correlates of protection remain unknown.

Methods

We investigated the host T-cell-mediated immune (T-CMI) responses elicited following immunisation with LVS vaccine formulated by the DynPort Vaccine Company (DVC-LVS) or the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID-LVS). We compared T-CMI responses prompted by these vaccines and correlated them with take size.

Results

We found that both LVS vaccines elicited similar T-CMI responses. Interestingly, take size associated with the T cells' ability to proliferate, secrete IFN-? and mobilise degranulation, suggesting that these responses play an essential role in tularaemia protection.

Conclusions

These results renew the appreciation for vaccination through the scarification as a prime route of inoculation to target pathogens driving specific T-CMI responses and provide further evidence that T-CMI plays a role in protection from tularaemia.

SUBMITTER: Salerno-Goncalves R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7814273 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vaccine-related major cutaneous reaction size correlates with cellular-mediated immune responses after tularaemia immunisation.

Salerno-Gonçalves Rosangela R   Chen Wilbur H WH   Mulligan Mark J MJ   Frey Sharon E SE   Stapleton Jack T JT   Keitel Wendy A WA   Bailey Jason J   Sendra Eli E   Hill Heather H   Johnson Robert A RA   Sztein Marcelo B MB  

Clinical & translational immunology 20210119 1


<h4>Objectives</h4><i>Francisella tularensis</i>, the causative agent of tularaemia, is an exceptionally infectious bacterium, potentially fatal for humans if left untreated and with the potential to be developed as a bioweapon. Both natural infection and live-attenuated vaccine strain (LVS) confer good protection against tularaemia. LVS vaccination is traditionally administered by scarification, and the formation of a cutaneous reaction or take at the vaccination site is recognised as a clinica  ...[more]

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