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COVID-19 severity in obese patients: Potential mechanisms and molecular targets for clinical intervention.

ABSTRACT: With the global spread of SARS-CoV-2, millions of people have been affected leading to the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic by the WHO. Several studies have linked the severity of COVID-19 cases and increased fatality in patients with obesity and other comorbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and kidney disease. Obesity, a metabolically deranged condition, establishes a low-grade chronic inflammation in the body, which affects different organs and promotes the development of several other diseases. The ways in which SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravates the already overloaded body organs with inflammation or vice versa has perplexed the researchers. As a result, there is an intensified search for the clear-cut mechanism to understand the link of obesity with the increased severity of COVID-19 in obese patients. In this article we have discussed various mechanisms linking obesity, inflammation, and COVID-19 to enhance the understanding of the disease process and help the clinicians and scientists develop potential cellular, molecular and metabolic targets for clinical intervention and management of COVID-19 severity in obese patients.

SUBMITTER: Sharma JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7816622 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar-Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19 severity in obese patients: Potential mechanisms and molecular targets for clinical intervention.

Sharma Jiten R JR Yadav Umesh C S UCS

Obesity research & clinical practice 20210119 2

With the global spread of SARS-CoV-2, millions of people have been affected leading to the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic by the WHO. Several studies have linked the severity of COVID-19 cases and increased fatality in patients with obesity and other comorbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and kidney disease. Obesity, a metabolically deranged condition, establishes a low-grade chronic inflammation in the body, which affects d ...[more]

PMID: 33509701

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Project description:BackgroundThe outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in millions of infections and raised global attention. Bitter almonds and licorice are both Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), often used in combination to treat lung diseases. Several prescriptions in the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (trial version ninth) contained bitter almond-licorice, which was effective in the treatment of COVID-19. However, the active ingredients, drug targets and therapeutic mechanisms of bitter almonds-licorice for the treatment of COVID-19 remain to be elucidated.MethodsThe active ingredients and targets were derived from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP). Meanwhile, targets associated with COVID-19 were obtained from the GeneCards database, PharmGkb database and DrugBank database. Then, the potential targets of bitter almond-licorice against COVID-19 were screened out. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and core targets were analyzed through the String database and Cytoscape software. In addition, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed based on potential targets using R statistical software. Finally, molecular docking was used to validate the binding of the active ingredients to the core targets.ResultsThe results of the TCMSP database showed that the bitter almond-licorice had 89 active components against COVID-19, involving 102 targets. PPI network and core target analysis indicated that IL-6, TNF, MAPK1, and IL1B were the key targets against COVID-19. In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the bitter almond-licorice were involved in various biological processes through inflammation-related pathways such as TNF signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway. Finally, molecular docking approaches confirmed the affinity between the active components of the bitter almond-licorice and the therapeutic targets.ConclusionThe bitter almond-licorice could be used to treat COVID-19 by inhibiting inflammatory responses and regulating cellular stress. This work is based on data mining and molecular docking, and the findings need to be interpreted with caution.

Dataset Information

COVID-19 severity in obese patients: Potential mechanisms and molecular targets for clinical intervention.

Publications

COVID-19 severity in obese patients: Potential mechanisms and molecular targets for clinical intervention.

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