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Characterization of the complete plastome of Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae).

ABSTRACT: Cyperus rotundus L. (C. rotundus) is a sedge belonging to the family Cyperaceae and is widely distributed in tropical and warmer temperate regions worldwide. It is one of the oldest traditional medicinal herbs in China, India, Japan, and Korea. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of C. rotundus on the Illumina HiSeq Platform. The chloroplast genome is 182,986 bp in length, with a typical quadripartite structure and consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (35,969 bp) separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region (100,733 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC) region (10,315 bp). It was predicted to contain a total of 133 genes, with an overall GC content of 33.26%. Phylogenetic analysis suggested C. rotundus is sister to Eleocharis celluosa and Eleocharis dulcis.

SUBMITTER: Wu R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7819115 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background Trichinellosis, a zoonosis caused by the genus Trichinella, is a widespread foodborne disease. Albendazole, one of the benzimidazole derivatives, is used for treating human trichinellosis, but with limited efficacy in killing the encysted larvae and numerous adverse effects. Cyperus rotundus L. is a herbal plant with a wide range of medicinal uses, including antiparasitic, and is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses. Methods LC-ESI-MS was used to identify the active phytoconstituents in the methanol extract (MeOH ext.) of the aerial parts of C. rotundus and its derivate fractions ethyl acetate (EtOAc fr.), petroleum ether (pet-ether fr.), and normal butanol (n-BuOH fr.). The in vivo therapeutic effects of C. rotundus fractions of the extracts were evaluated using the fraction that showed the most promising effect after detecting their in vitro anti-Trichinella spiralis potential. Results C. rotundus extracts are rich in different phytochemicals, and the LC-ESI-MS of the 90% methanol extract identified 26 phenolic compounds classified as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and organic acids. The in vitro studies showed that C. rotundus extracts had a lethal effect on T. spiralis adults, and the LC50 were 156.12 µg/ml, 294.67 µg/ml, 82.09 µg/ml, and 73.16 µg/ml in 90% MeOH ext., EtOAc fr., pet-ether fr. and n-BuOH fr., respectively. The n-BuOH fr. was shown to have the most promising effects in the in vitro studies, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The in vivo effects of n-BuOH fr. alone and in combination with albendazole using a mouse model were evaluated by counting adults in the small intestine and larvae in the muscles, in addition to the histopathological changes in the small intestine and the muscles. In the treated groups, there was a significant decrease in the number of adults and larvae compared to the control group. Histopathologically, treated groups showed a remarkable improvement in the small intestine and muscle changes. Remarkably, maximal therapeutic effects were detected in the combination therapy compared to each monotherapy. Conclusion Accordingly, C. rotundus extracts may have anti-T. spiralis potential, particularly when combined with albendazole, and they may be used as synergistic to anti-T. spiralis medication therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-023-03839-7.

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Characterization of the complete plastome of Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae).

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