Dataset Information

Reintroduced Native Populus nigra in Restored Floodplain Reduces Spread of Exotic Poplar Species.

ABSTRACT: Exotic Populus taxa pose a threat to the success of riparian forest restoration in floodplain areas. We evaluated the impact of exotic Populus taxa on softwood riparian forest development along the river Common Meuse after introducing native Populus nigra and after the re-establishment of the natural river dynamics. We sampled 154 poplar seedlings that spontaneously colonized restored habitat and assessed their taxonomy based on diagnostic chloroplast and nuclear microsatellite markers. Furthermore, by using a paternity analysis on 72 seedlings resulting from six open pollinated P. nigra females, we investigated natural hybridization between frequently planted cultivated poplars and native P. nigra. The majority of the poplar seedlings from the gravel banks analyzed where identified as P. nigra; only 2% of the sampled seedlings exhibited genes of exotic poplar species. Similarly, the majority of the seedlings from the open pollinated progenies were identified as P. nigra. For three seedlings (4%), paternity was assigned to a cultivar of P. × canadensis. Almost two decades after reintroducing P. nigra, the constitution of the seed and pollen pools changed in the study area in favor of reproduction of the native species and at the expense of the exotic poplar species. This study indicates that, although significant gene flow form exotic poplars is observed in European floodplains, restoration programs of the native P. nigra can vigorously outcompete the exotic gene flows and strongly reduce the impact of exotic Populus taxa on the softwood riparian forest development.

SUBMITTER: Vanden Broeck A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7843422 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reintroduced Native Populus nigra in Restored Floodplain Reduces Spread of Exotic Poplar Species.

Vanden Broeck An A Cox Karen K Van Braeckel Alexander A Neyrinck Sabrina S De Regge Nico N Van Looy Kris K

Frontiers in plant science 20210115

Exotic Populus taxa pose a threat to the success of riparian forest restoration in floodplain areas. We evaluated the impact of exotic Populus taxa on softwood riparian forest development along the river Common Meuse after introducing native Populus nigra and after the re-establishment of the natural river dynamics. We sampled 154 poplar seedlings that spontaneously colonized restored habitat and assessed their taxonomy based on diagnostic chloroplast and nuclear microsatell ...[more]

PMID: 33519841

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Project description:Environmental stresses such as low temperature, drought, and high salinity significantly affect plant growth and yield. As selective forces, these adverse factors play essential roles in shaping phenotypic variation in plant populations. Black poplar (Populus nigra) is an economically and ecologically important forest tree species with widely distributed populations and is thus suitable for experiments detecting evolutionary footprints left by stress. Here, we performed expression and evolutionary analysis of two duplicated DREB A1-subgroup (DREB1) genes, PnDREB68 and PnDREB69, encoding transcription factors that are involved in stress responses. The two genes showed partially overlapping but distinct expression patterns in response to stresses. These genes were strongly and rapidly induced by cold stress in leaves, stems, and roots. In leaf tissue, dehydration stress induced the expression of PnDREB68 but not PnDREB69. PnDREB69 displayed more rapid responses and longer expression durations than PnDREB68 under salt and ABA stress, respectively. Based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, we found significant population genetic differentiation, with a greater FST value (0.09189) for PnDREB69 than for PnDREB68 (0.07743). Nucleotide diversity analysis revealed a two-fold higher πT for PnDREB68 than for PnDREB69 (0.00563 vs. 0.00243), reflecting strong purifying selection acting on the former. The results suggest that positive selection acted on PnDREB69, as evidenced by neutral testing using Tajima's D statistic. The distinct selective forces to which each of the genes was subjected may be associated with expression divergence. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was low for the sequenced region, with a higher level for PnDREB68 than for PnDREB69. Additionally, analysis of the relationship among carbon isotope ratios, SNP classes and gene expression, together with motif and domain analysis, suggested that 14 polymorphisms within the two genes may be candidates for an association study of important traits such as water use efficiency/drought tolerance in black poplar.

Project description:The root extracellular trap (RET) consists of root-associated, cap-derived cells (root AC-DCs) and their mucilaginous secretions, and forms a structure around the root tip that protects against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is little information concerning the changes undergone by the RET during droughts, especially for tree species. Morphological and immunocytochemical approaches were used to study the RET of black poplar (Populus nigra L.) seedlings grown in vitro under optimal conditions (on agar-gelled medium) or when polyethylene glycol-mediated (PEG6000-infused agar-gelled medium) was used to mimic drought conditions through osmotic stress. Under optimal conditions, the root cap released three populations of individual AC-DC morphotypes, with a very low proportion of spherical morphotypes, and equivalent proportions of intermediate and elongated morphotypes. Immunolabeling experiments using anti-glycan antibodies specific to cell wall polysaccharide and arabinogalactan protein (AGP) epitopes revealed the presence of homogalacturonan (HG), galactan chains of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), and AGPs in root AC-DC cell walls. The data also showed the presence of xylogalacturonan (XGA), xylan, AGPs, and low levels of arabinans in the mucilage. The findings also showed that under osmotic stress conditions, both the number of AC-DCs (spherical and intermediate morphotypes) and the total quantity of mucilage per root tip increased, whereas the mucilage was devoid of the epitopes associated with the polysaccharides RG-I, XGA, xylan, and AGPs. Osmotic stress also led to reduced root growth and increased root expression of the P5CS2 gene, which is involved in proline biosynthesis and cellular osmolarity maintenance (or preservation) in aerial parts. Together, our findings show that the RET is a dynamic structure that undergoes pronounced structural and molecular remodeling, which might contribute to the survival of the root tip under osmotic conditions.

Dataset Information

Reintroduced Native Populus nigra in Restored Floodplain Reduces Spread of Exotic Poplar Species.

Publications

Reintroduced Native <i>Populus nigra</i> in Restored Floodplain Reduces Spread of Exotic Poplar Species.

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