Infrared nanospectroscopy reveals the molecular interaction fingerprint of an aggregation inhibitor with single A?42 oligomers.

ABSTRACT: Significant efforts have been devoted in the last twenty years to developing compounds that can interfere with the aggregation pathways of proteins related to misfolding disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, no disease-modifying drug has become available for clinical use to date for these conditions. One of the main reasons for this failure is the incomplete knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the process by which small molecules interact with protein aggregates and interfere with their aggregation pathways. Here, we leverage the single molecule morphological and chemical sensitivity of infrared nanospectroscopy to provide the first direct measurement of the structure and interaction between single A?42 oligomeric and fibrillar species and an aggregation inhibitor, bexarotene, which is able to prevent A?42 aggregation in vitro and reverses its neurotoxicity in cell and animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Our results demonstrate that the carboxyl group of this compound interacts with A?42 aggregates through a single hydrogen bond. These results establish infrared nanospectroscopy as a powerful tool in structure-based drug discovery for protein misfolding diseases.

SUBMITTER: Ruggeri FS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7846799 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature