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The 2019 addiction health services research conference: Insights, review, and abstracts.

ABSTRACT: The 2019 Addiction Health Services Research (AHSR) Conference was held from October 16 to 18, 2019 in Park City, Utah. The conference was hosted by the Program for Addiction, Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge, and Advocacy within the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Utah School of Medicine. AHSR is an annual conference to share discoveries, network with colleagues, and learn the most up-to-date research regarding how to identify, assess, and treat persons with addictions. This commentary contains 2019 AHSR specific goals and descriptions of content shared at this year's conference. Descriptions include information regarding pre-conference activities and conference plenaries, mentorship opportunities, and investigator awardees. Commentary also includes acknowledgments of those who assisted in making the 2019 AHSR Conference possible. Additionally, abstracts of the scientific research presented at the conference are included.

SUBMITTER: Garets M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7849629 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The 2019 addiction health services research conference: Insights, review, and abstracts.

Garets Mitchell M Archer Shayla S Kitchens Connie C Cochran Gerald G Gordon Adam J AJ

Substance abuse 20190101 4

The 2019 Addiction Health Services Research (AHSR) Conference was held from October 16 to 18, 2019 in Park City, Utah. The conference was hosted by the Program for Addiction, Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge, and Advocacy within the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Utah School of Medicine. AHSR is an annual conference to share discoveries, network with colleagues, and learn the most up-to-date research regarding how to identify, assess, and treat p ...[more]

PMID: 31847783

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Project description:BackgroundThe vast majority of adolescent mental health and substance use disorders go undiagnosed and undertreated. SMS text messaging is increasingly used as a method to deliver adolescent health services that promote psychological well-being and aim to protect adolescents from adverse experiences and risk factors critical for their current and future mental health. To date, there has been no comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature on the extent, range, and implementation contexts of these SMS text message interventions.ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review was to map and categorize gaps in the current body of peer-reviewed research around the use of SMS text messaging-based interventions for mental health and addiction services among adolescents.MethodsA scoping review was conducted according to Levac's adaptation of Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for scoping reviews in six iterative stages. A search strategy was cocreated and adapted for five unique databases. Studies were screened using Covidence software. The PICO (patient, intervention, comparator, outcome) framework and input from multiple stakeholder groups were used to structure and pilot a data extraction codebook. Data were extracted on study methodology and measures, intervention design, and implementation characteristics, as well as policy, practice, and research implications.ResultsWe screened 1142 abstracts. Of these, 31 articles published between 2013 and 2020 were eligible for inclusion. Intervention engagement was the most common type of outcome measured (18/31), followed by changes in cognitions (16/31; eg, disease knowledge, self-awareness) and acceptability (16/31). Interventions were typically delivered in less than 12 weeks, and adolescents received 1-3 messages per week. Bidirectional messaging was involved in 65% (20/31) of the studies. Limited descriptions of implementation features (eg, cost, policy implications, technology performance) were reported.ConclusionsThe use of SMS text messaging interventions is a rapidly expanding area of research. However, lack of large-scale controlled trials and theoretically driven intervention designs limits generalizability. Significant gaps in the literature were observed in relation to implementation considerations, cost, clinical workflow, bidirectionality of texting, and level of personalization and tailoring of the interventions. Given the growth of mobile phone-based interventions for this population, a rigorous program of large-scale, well-designed trials is urgently required.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Current resuscitation guidelines recommend 3:1 Compression:Ventilation (C:V) ratio, however the most effective C:V ratio in newborns remains controversial. We recently demonstrate that if chest compressions (CC) are superimposed by sustained inflations (SI) return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and mortality are improved in asphyxiated newborn piglets when compared to standard coordinated 3:1 resuscitation. However, this has not been studied in newborns. OBJECTIVES: To determine if CC superimposed with SI impacts ROSC in infants <33 weeks with bradycardia or asystole compared to coordinated 3:1 C:V resuscitation. DESIGN/METHODS: In a pilot study, infants born <33 weeks gestational age with an heart rate <60/min or asystole were randomized to receive either “3:1 C:V” or “SS+CC”. Infants randomized to 3:1 received coordinated CC and ventilation according to the current resuscitation guidelines. Infants randomized to “SI+CC” received uninterrupted CC at a rate of 90/min superimposed by a SI of 30 sec. The default settings for airway pressures were peak inflation pressure of 24 cm H2O and a positive end expiratory pressure of 6 cm H2O. The primary outcome was duration of CC to achieve ROSC. Deferral of consent was approved by the institutional ethics committee. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02083705. RESULTS: Five infants were randomized to each group; the mean (range) gestational age was 25 (24–27) weeks vs. 26 (23–28) weeks in the in the SI+CC and 3:1 group (P=0.433), respectively. Mean (SD) birth weight in the SI+CC group was 797 (208) g vs. 808 (182) g in the 3:1 group, (P=0.465) respectively. Mean (SD) ROSC was significantly decreased in the SI+CC group with 31 (8) sec vs. 138 (72) sec in the 3:1 group (P=0.011). One infant in each group died and only one infant in the 3:1 group received epinephrine. One infant in the SI+CC group and three in the 3:1 had intracranial hemorrhage grade 3 or greater. Three infants in the SI+CC group had necrotizing enterocolitis vs. one infant in the 3:1 group (P=0.197). CONCLUSION: Preterm infants <33 weeks had significant shorter ROSC when CC were superimposed by SI compared to using 3:1.

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The 2019 addiction health services research conference: Insights, review, and abstracts.

Publications

The 2019 addiction health services research conference: Insights, review, and abstracts.

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