Project description:BackgroundLead-induced tricuspid regurgitation is one of the complications after permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) and refers to tricuspid regurgitation (TR) caused by the lead in the right ventricle (RV).ObjectivesTo study the clinical characteristics of severe TR after PPI and the effect of transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) with the guidance of 3-dimensional (3D) printing.MethodsThis study was a single-center, descriptive study. Six patients with severe TR after PPI were enrolled in Xijing Hospital from January 2020 to May 2020. Before TTVR, the 3D printed tricuspid valve (TV) model was used for evaluation in the bench test. LuX-Valve was implanted under the guidance of TEE and x-ray fluoroscopy, and all patients underwent transatrial access. Six patients' data were collected at baseline, before discharge, and 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after TTVR.ResultsThe LuX-Valve was successfully implanted in 6 patients, TR was significantly reduced to ≤2+, and no deaths or cardiopulmonary bypass occurred during procedures. Three cases were caused by TV expansion: Patient #4 had TR caused by lead adhesion to TV, Patient #2 had TR caused by lead winding, and Patient #6 had TR caused by lead impingement on TV. During the 2-year follow-up, TTE revealed that 5 patients had no/trace regurgitation, and one patient (Patient #5) had mild regurgitation. All 6 patients (100.0%) reached primary endpoints.ConclusionTTVR guided by 3D printing is safe and effective in the treatment of severe TR associated with permanent pacemaker lead, providing prospects and possibilities for the precise treatment of TV-related diseases.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration System (NCT02917980).
Project description:BackgroundTricuspid stenosis (native and prosthetic) is rare. Redo-sternotomy for isolated tricuspid replacement is associated with a higher risk. The efficacy and durability of transcatheter valve implantation for severe tricuspid stenosis are unclear.Case summarySuccessful tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation (Edwards 26 mm Ultra) was performed to exteriorize a retained, unextractable pacemaker lead causing very early surgical bioprosthetic valve dysfunction in a 66-year-old Caucasian woman. The original indication for surgical replacement was pacemaker lead-related severe tricuspid regurgitation. History of CABG and subsequent surgical replacement rendered the risk of a third sternotomy and open-heart surgery prohibitive.ConclusionSuccessful reduction in the severity of bioprosthetic tricuspid stenosis and improvement of right heart failure with transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation was observed. Percutaneous tricuspid valve implantation could be considered an alternative to redo-sternotomy for severe bioprosthetic tricuspid stenosis.
Project description:BackgroundAccurate identification of tricuspid valve (TV) leaflets by two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography is difficult because of variability in the intersection between the imaging plane and leaflets. Using information obtained from multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) of three-dimensional (3D) data sets, the investigators sought to define "novel" 2D views that would allow targeted interrogation of TV leaflets using 2D transthoracic echocardiography.MethodsImages of the TV in the standard 2D views (apical four chamber, right ventricular focused, right ventricular inflow, and parasternal short axis) and 3D data sets were acquired from the same probe position in 106 adults. Three-dimensional MPR was used to determine which leaflet combination was seen in the 2D image: anterior and septal, anterior and posterior, anterior alone, or posterior and septal. Using this analysis, 2D landmarks were identified to define nonstandard TV views tailored to depict specific leaflets. Two-dimensional images in these views and 3D data sets were then prospectively collected in 54 additional patients. Three independent readers analyzed these 2D views to determine TV leaflet combinations, and their interpretation was compared with 3D MPR-derived reference.ResultsThree-dimensional MPR views made it possible to define six nonstandard 2D views on the basis of anatomic clues and landmarks, which consistently depicted all the aforementioned leaflet combinations. When these six views were prospectively tested, the agreement of TV leaflet identification against 3D MPR was excellent (κ = 0.88, κ = 0.93, and κ = 0.98).ConclusionThe nonstandard 2D views defined in this study allow accurate TV leaflet identification and may thus be useful when localization of TV leaflet pathology is clinically important.
Project description:AimsThe procedural planning of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) requires a specific imaging assessment to establish patient eligibility. Computed tomography (CT) is considered the reference method. In this setting, data regarding the role of transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) are lacking. We evaluated the feasibility and reliability of a comprehensive 3D-TOE screening in TMVR candidates.Methods and resultsWe performed a retrospective observational study including 72 consecutive patients who underwent a pre-procedural CT and 3D-TOE for TMVR evaluation. The measurements of mitral annulus (MA), length of anterior mitral leaflet (AML), native left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and predicted neo-LVOT acquired with CT and 3D-TOE were compared using a novel semi-automated software for post processing analysis (3 mensio Structural Heart 10.1-3mSH, Pie Medical Imaging, Bilthoven, Netherlands). The final suitability decision was given by the valve manufacturer based on CT measurements and clinical conditions. Among 72 patients screened, all patients had adequate image quality for 3D-TOE analysis. 3D-TOE and CT measurements for AML length (r = 0.97), MA area (r = 0.90), perimeter (r = 0.68), anteroposterior (r = 0.88), and posteromedial-anterolateral (r = 0.74) diameters were found highly correlated, as well as for native LVOT (r = 0.86) and predicted neo-LVOT areas (r = 0.96) (all P-values <0.0001). An almost perfect agreement between CT and 3DTOE was found in assessing the eligibility for TMVR implantation (Cohen kappa 0.83, P < 0.001).Conclusion3D-TOE appraisements showed good correlations with CT measurements and high accuracy to predict TMVR screening success.