Dataset Information

Prognosis of colorectal cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, the only oncology center in Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females worldwide. According to the Addis Ababa cancer registry, it is the first in male and fourth in female in Ethiopia. However, there have not been studies on prognostic factors and survival of colorectal cancer. Hence, this study aimed to estimate survival time and identify prognostic factors.

Methods

In this institution based retrospective study, medical records review of 422 colorectal cancer patients and telephone interview was used as sources of data. Survival time was estimated using Kaplan-Meier estimator. Prognostic factors were identified using the multivariable Cox regression model.

Results

Patients diagnosed with rectal cancer had 76% (HR: 1.761, 95% CI: 1.173-2.644) increased risk of dying compared to colon cancer patients. Node positive patients were 3.146 (95% CI: 1.626-6.078) times likely to die compared to node-negative and metastatic cancer were 4.221 (95% CI: 2.788-6.392) times likely to die compared to non-metastatic patients. Receiving adjuvant therapy reduced the risk of death by 36.1% (HR: 0.639 (95% CI: 0.418-0.977)) compared to patients who had an only surgical resection. The median survival time was 39 months and the overall five years survival rate was 33%.

Conclusions

The overall survival rate was low and a majority of the patients were young at presentation. Patient's survival is largely influenced by the advanced cancer stage at presentation and delays in the administration of adjuvant therapy. Receiving adjuvant therapy was among the good prognostic factors.

SUBMITTER: Etissa EK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7853488 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prognosis of colorectal cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, the only oncology center in Ethiopia.

Etissa Eyob Kebede EK Assefa Mathewos M Ayele Birhanu Teshome BT

PloS one 20210202 2

<h4>Introduction</h4>Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females worldwide. According to the Addis Ababa cancer registry, it is the first in male and fourth in female in Ethiopia. However, there have not been studies on prognostic factors and survival of colorectal cancer. Hence, this study aimed to estimate survival time and identify prognostic factors.<h4>Methods</h4>In this institution based retrospective study, medical records review of 42 ...[more]

PMID: 33529268

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Project description:BackgroundCancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. It results in considerable mental, physical, and emotional stress for patients. Because of the nature and impact of the disease, and its treatment, measurements of patient satisfaction are important to bring to the attention of health-care providers in order to improve care.ObjectiveTo assess patient satisfaction at the adult oncology center of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia using the EORTC PATSAT-C33 tool.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to May 2019. A consecutive sampling technique was employed to recruit a total of 384 study participants. Informed consent was obtained for each participant and data ?were collected using an interviewer?-administered questionnaire. Ethical clearance and approval of the study protocol ?were obtained from the institutional ethics review board of the school of pharmacy. Descriptive statistics ?was used to summarize the data, while multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to explore factors affecting patient satisfaction. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsAmong a total of 384 study participants, the majority were female (65.9%) and the median age was 49 years. In most (65.9%) participants, the health?-care service cost was covered by patients themselves; the majority of them were treated for gynecological malignancy (37.2%) and most received chemotherapy + surgery (37.2%). The mean score for the EORTC-PATSAT33 scales for overall satisfaction was 44.8 out of 100. Place of residence, gender, type of cancer, duration since treatment started, age and source of health?-care costs were factors associated with patient satisfaction and all together explained 83% (adjusted R square=0.830, P<0.0001) of variance. Of these, residence (where patients came from) accounted for most (78.7%) of the variance (adjusted R square=0.787, P<0.0001).ConclusionThe mean overall satisfaction of patients with the services provided at the outpatient adult oncology center of TASH was significantly lower than previously reported in the world literature, which was >70. Hence, a concerted effort must be made to understand and improve patient satisfaction in oncology health-care services in Ethiopia.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Globally, the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is the most common cancer among men worldwide, with higher mortality in low and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, it is the second most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. Despite a few studies done regarding the disease burden, the evidence is scarce about the survival and prognostic determinants of prostate cancer patients in Ethiopia. Thus, this study assessed the survival and prognostic determinants of patients with prostate cancer. METHODS:We retrospectively followed patients who were newly diagnosed from 2012 to 2016 at the Oncology Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. We extracted the data from patient charts that were available in the cancer registry using a checklist with the help of oncology nurses. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses with the log-rank test were used to estimate and compare the probability of survival among covariate categories. After checking for assumptions, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic determinants of survival. RESULTS:The median survival time was 28 months with an overall 2-, 3- and 5-year survival of 57%, 38.9% and 22%, respectively. The overall survival differs according to the clinical stage (P-value<0.01), presence or absence of distant metastasis (P<0.01) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (P<0.05). Cancer stage at diagnosis (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 0.309, 95%CI = 0.151-0.633) and ADT (AHR = 3.884, 95%CI = 1.677-8.997) remained significant in the final Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSIONS:The overall 2-, 3- and 5-year survival of prostate cancer patients in Ethiopia is very low. The cancer stage at diagnosis and treatment modalities are significant prognostic determinants of survival. Therefore, early detection through screening and timely initiation of treatment are essential to improve the survival of prostate cancer patients.

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Project description:BackgroundInfection prevention and control (IPC) is a set of practices that are designed to minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) spreading among patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. Implementation of IPC is essential for reducing infection incidences, preventing antibiotic use, and minimizing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of the study was to assess IPC practices and associated factors in Pediatrics and Child Health at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.MethodsIn this study, we used a cross-sectional study design with a simple random sampling method. We determined the sample size using a single population proportion formula with the assumption of a 55% good IPC practice, a 5% accepted margin of error, and a 15% non-response rate and adjusted with the correction formula. The final sample size was 284 healthcare workers. The binary logistic regression model was used for analysis. The World Health Organization (WHO) Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool was used to assess IPC core components.ResultA total of 272 healthcare workers participated in the study, with a response rate of 96%. Of the total participants, 65.8% were female and 75.7% were nurses. The overall composite score showed that the prevalence of good IPC practices among healthcare workers was 50.4% (95% CI: 44.3-56.5). The final model revealed that nursing professionals and healthcare workers who received IPC training had AORs of 2.84 (95% CI: 1.34-6.05) and 2.48 (95% CI: 1.36-4.52), respectively. The final average total IPCAF score for the IPC level was 247.5 out of 800 points.ConclusionThe prevalence of good IPC practice was suboptimal. The study participants, who were nursing professionals and healthcare workers who received IPC training, showed a statistically significant association with the IPC practice level. The facility-level IPCAF result showed a "Basic" level of practice based on the WHO categorization. These evidences can inform healthcare workers and decision-makers to identify areas for improvement in IPC practice at all levels. Training of healthcare workers and effective implementation of the eight IPC core components should be strengthened to improve suboptimal practices.

Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy in Ethiopia and severely affects patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We aimed to assess HRQoL, factors influencing HRQoL, and utilities among breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from December 2017 to February, 2018. A total of 404 breast cancer patients were interviewed using the validated Amharic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer module (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC QLQ-BR23, and Euro Quality of Life Group's 5-Domain Questionnaires 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5?L) instruments. Mean scores and mean differences of EORTC- QLQ-C30 and EORTC- QLQ-BR23 were calculated. One-way ANOVA test was employed to determine the significance of mean differences among dependent and independent variables while stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the global quality of life (GQOL). Coefficients and level specific utility values obtained from a hybrid regression model for the Ethiopian population were used to compute utility values of each health state. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 43.94?±?11.72?years. The mean score for GQoL and visual analog scale was 59.32?±?22.94 and 69.94?±?20.36, respectively while the mean utility score was 0.8 ±?0.25. Predictors of GQoL were stage of cancer (AOR?=?7.94; 95% CI: 1.83-34.54), cognitive functioning (AOR?=?2.38; 95% CI: 1.32-4.31), pain (AOR?=?7.99; 95% CI: 4.62-13.83), financial difficulties (AOR?=?2.60; 95% CI: 1.56-4.35), and future perspective (AOR?=?2.08; 95% CI: 1.24-3.49).ConclusionsThe overall GQoL of breast cancer patients was moderate. Targeted approaches to improve patients' HRQoL should consider stage of cancer, cognitive functioning, pain, financial status and worries about the patient's future health. This study also provides estimates of EQ-5D utility scores that can be used in economic evaluations.

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Dataset Information

Prognosis of colorectal cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, the only oncology center in Ethiopia.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Prognosis of colorectal cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, the only oncology center in Ethiopia.

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