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Population-Based Serosurvey for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission, Chennai, India.

ABSTRACT: We conducted a cross-sectional survey to estimate the seroprevalence of IgG against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Chennai, India. Among 12,405 serum samples tested, weighted seroprevalence was 18.4% (95% CI 14.8%-22.6%). These findings indicate most of the population of Chennai is still susceptible to this virus.

SUBMITTER: Selvaraju S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7853587 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Population-Based Serosurvey for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission, Chennai, India.

Selvaraju Sriram S Kumar Muthusamy Santhosh MS Thangaraj Jeromie Wesley Vivian JWV Bhatnagar Tarun T Saravanakumar Velusamy V Kumar Chethrapilly Purushothaman Girish CPG Sekar Krithikaa K Ilayaperumal Ezhilarasan E Sabarinathan Ramasamy R Jagadeesan Murugesan M Hemalatha Masanam Sriramulu MS Murhekar Manoj Vasant MV

Emerging infectious diseases 20210201 2

We conducted a cross-sectional survey to estimate the seroprevalence of IgG against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Chennai, India. Among 12,405 serum samples tested, weighted seroprevalence was 18.4% (95% CI 14.8%-22.6%). These findings indicate most of the population of Chennai is still susceptible to this virus. ...[more]

PMID: 33496222

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Project description:IntroductionThe evidence for vertical transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not well established. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize emerging evidence on the vertical transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and CENTRAL. Likewise, a search for preprint publications was conducted using MedRxiv and Research Square. Studies that addressed vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (concept) among pregnant women infected by Covid-19 (population) in any setting (community, hospital, or home) in any country or context were considered for inclusion. Any types of studies or reports published between December 2019 and September 2020 addressing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnant women and their newborn babies were included. Studies were screened for eligibility against the inclusion criteria for the review by two reviewers.ResultsWe identified 51 studies reporting 336 newborns screened for COVID-19. From the 336 newborns screened for COVID-19, only 15 (4.4%) were positive for throat swab RT-PCR. All neonates with positive throat swab RT-PCR were delivered by cesarean section. Among neonates with throat swab SARS-CoV-2 positive only five (33.3%) had concomitant placenta, amniotic fluid, and cord blood samples tested, of which only one amniotic fluid sample is positive for RT PCR. Five neonates had elevated IgG and IgM but without intrauterine tissue tested. Four neonates had chest imaging suggestive of COVID-19 pneumonia.ConclusionCurrently there is not enough evidence on vertical virologic transmission of COVID-19 infection during the third trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, there is no evidence to support cesarean delivery, abstaining from breast feeding nor mother and infant separation. Further research involving an adequate sample size of breast milk, placenta, amniotic fluid, and cord blood to ascertain the possibility of vertical transmission and breast milk transfer is needed.

Project description:BackgroundSerosurveillance can be used to assess population immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). This study aimed to determine seroprevalence of four VPDs across Timor-Leste and identify immunity gaps.MethodsA population-representative three-stage cluster random sample of census-enumerated households were visited between October 2021 and February 2023. Occupants aged above one year were tested for measles immunoglobulin G (IgG), rubella IgG, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) and severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG, using serological assays with a priori determined cut-offs. Sample- and response-weighted mixed effects logistic regression models were used to estimate seroprevalence in relevant age-strata.FindingsOf 2613 eligible households, 1908 (73.0%) participated. Of 8427 occupants, 4750 (56.4%) participated. Measles IgG seroprevalence was low among children, particularly those aged 10-14 (33.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 27.8-38.6%). Rubella IgG seroprevalence was high in all ages (93.2%, 95% CI 92.2-94.2%). SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence was high, including in young children not eligible for vaccination (74.0%, 95% CI 70.4-77.6%). HBsAb seroprevalence was lowest among adolescents aged 15-19 (12.1%, 95% CI 6.8-17.5%) but higher among younger children, who also had low HBcAb seroprevalence.InterpretationThe pattern of measles immunity is consistent with low virus transmission and suboptimal childhood vaccine uptake. These data have informed supplementary immunisation activities. High rubella IgG seroprevalence suggests recent or ongoing virus transmission and a need for congenital rubella syndrome surveillance. Hepatitis B data provide evidence of recent improvements in vaccine-induced immunity and protection. This study demonstrates how serosurveillance can directly influence national vaccine strategies.FundingThis study was funded by the Department for Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government (Complex Grant Agreement Number 75889).

Dataset Information

Population-Based Serosurvey for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission, Chennai, India.

Publications

Population-Based Serosurvey for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission, Chennai, India.

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