TSLP and IL-7R Variants Are Associated with Persistent Atopic Dermatitis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Berna R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7855148 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a severe global burden on physical, physiological and mental health. Innate immune cell basophils are essential for provoking allergic inflammation in AD. However, the roles of novel immunoregulatory cytokine IL-37 in basophils remain elusive. We employed in vitro co-culture of human basophils and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells and an in vivo MC903-induced AD murine model to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of IL-37. In the in vitro model, IL-37b significantly decreased Der p1-induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) overexpression in HaCaT cells and decreased the expression of TSLP receptor as well as basophil activation marker CD203c on basophils. IL-37 could also reduce Th2 cytokine IL-4 release from TSLP-primed basophils ex vivo. In the in vivo model, alternative depletion of basophils ameliorated AD symptoms and significantly lowered the Th2 cell and eosinophil populations in the ear and spleen of the mice. Blocking TSLP alleviated the AD-like symptoms and reduced the infiltration of basophils in the spleen. In CRISPR/Cas9 human IL-37b knock-in mice or mice with direct treatment by human IL-37b antibody, AD symptoms including ear swelling and itching were significantly alleviated upon MC903 challenge. Notably, IL-37b presence significantly reduced the basophil infiltration in ear lesions. In summary, IL-37b could regulate the TSLP-mediated activation of basophils and reduce the release of IL-4. The results, therefore, suggest that IL-37 may target TSLP-primed basophils to alleviate AD.
| S-EPMC8304334 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A relationship between polymorphisms in genes encoding interleukin 7 (IL-7) and its cellular receptor (IL-7R) and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-associated immune recovery in HIV subjects has been previously reported. However, details of this relationship remain unclear, and the association of these polymorphisms with circulating IL-7/IL-7R levels is scarce. Here, we explored whether IL-7/IL-7R axis was associated with quantitative CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected subjects. IL-7/IL-7R polymorphisms were assessed by genotyping, and multiple inheritance models were used to estimate both, their association with low pre-ART CD4+ T-cell counts and incomplete immune recovery status after 48 weeks of suppressive ART. Integrated data from genetic variants association and soluble plasma IL-7/IL-7R quantification suggest that IL-7/IL-7R genotype expression could alter the homeostatic balance between soluble and membrane-bound receptors. The haplotype analyses indicates that allele combinations impacts pre-ART circulating CD4+ T-cell counts, immune recovery status and the absolute increment of CD4+ T-cell counts. The knowledge about how IL-7/IL-7R axis is related to quantitative CD4+ T-cell recovery and immune recovery status after initiating ART could be useful regarding T-cell reservoirs investigations in HIV subjects.
| S-EPMC6823538 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAtopic march (AM) is the progression from atopic dermatitis (AD) to allergic rhinitis and asthma. The development of AD is as high as 20% in children worldwide and continues to increase. AD seems to be caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Recently, polymorphisms of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene associated with allergic disorders were reported in ethnic groups from various countries.ObjectiveIdentification of TSLP polymorphisms in Koreans with AD or AM.MethodsWhole-exome sequencing was performed in 20 AD and 20 AM patients.ResultsNine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TSLP were detected (rs191607411, rs3806933, rs2289276, rs2289277, rs2289278, rs139817258, rs11466749, rs11466750, rs10073816). These SNPs have been correlated with susceptibility to allergic diseases in ethnic groups from China, Japan, Turkey, and Costa Rica in previous studies. Remarkably, one of 20 patients in the AD group lacked all SNPs, compared to six of 20 patients in the AM group. Odds ratios showed that Korean patients without the nine TSLP variants had an 8.14 times higher risk of moving from AD to AM. Two haplotype blocks were validated in 60 AD and 59 AM patients using Sanger sequencing. The haplotype blocks (rs3806933 and rs2289276) and (rs11466749 and rs11466750) were in high linkage disequilibrium, respectively (D'=0.97, D'=1).ConclusionThe increase of major allele frequency of respective nine TSLP variants may enhance the risk of AM. These data will contribute to improved genetic surveillance system in the early diagnosis technology of allergic disease.
| S-EPMC7992469 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The epithelial and epidermal innate cytokines IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) have pivotal roles in the initiation of allergic inflammation in asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the mechanism by which the expression of these innate cytokines is regulated remains unclear. Intelectin (ITLN) is expressed in airway epithelial cells and promotes allergic airway inflammation. We hypothesized that ITLN is required for allergen-induced IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression. In two asthma models, Itln knockdown reduced allergen-induced increases in Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp and development of type 2 response, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus overproduction, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Itln knockdown also inhibited house dust mite (HDM)-induced early upregulation of Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp in a model solely inducing airway sensitization. Using human airway epithelial cells, we demonstrated that HDM-induced increases in ITLN led to phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor and extracellular-signal regulated kinase, which were required for induction of IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression. In two AD models, Itln knockdown suppressed expression of Il-33, Tslp, and Th2 cytokines and eosinophilic inflammation. In humans, ITLN1 expression was significantly increased in asthmatic airways and in lesional skin of AD. We conclude that ITLN contributes to allergen-induced Il-25, Il-33, and Tslp expression in asthma and AD.
| S-EPMC5568519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-7 are cytokines that signal via the IL-7 receptor alpha (IL-7R?) to exert both overlapping and unique functions during early stages of mouse B-cell development. In human B lymphopoiesis, the requirement for IL-7R? signaling is controversial and the roles of IL-7 and TSLP are less clear. Here, we evaluated human B-cell production using novel in vitro and xenograft models of human B-cell development that provide selective IL-7 and human TSLP (hTSLP) stimulation. We show that in vitro human B-cell production is almost completely blocked in the absence of IL-7R? stimulation, and that either TSLP or IL-7 can provide a signal critical for the production and proliferation of human CD19(+) PAX5(+) pro-B cells. Analysis of primary human bone marrow stromal cells shows that they express both IL-7 and TSLP, providing an in vivo source of these cytokines. We further show that the in vivo production of human pro-B cells under the influence of mouse IL-7 in a xenograft scenario is reduced by anti-IL-7 neutralizing antibodies, and that this loss can be restored by hTSLP at physiological levels. These data establish the importance of IL-7R? mediated signals for normal human B-cell production.
| S-EPMC5056642 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5489307 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceKnowledge about factors associated with persistence of atopic dermatitis (AD) during childhood is sparse.ObjectiveTo explore heritable, environmental, and clinical factors associated with persistent AD based on 13 years' follow-up of an at-risk birth cohort.Design, setting, and participantsIn the Copenhagen Prospective Study on Asthma in Childhood 2000 (COPSAC2000) clinical birth cohort study, 411 children born to mothers with asthma were followed up until the age of 13 years at a clinical research unit in Copenhagen, Denmark, from August 1998 to June 2015. Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed prospectively during close clinical follow-up according to the criteria of Hanifin and Rajka. Data were gathered on parental history, social circumstances, and environmental factors through parent interviews. The cohort was followed up with biannual visits to the clinic until the age of 7 years and were seen again at age 13 years. Data were analyzed from August 2015 to January 2018.Main outcomes and measuresAtopic dermatitis was diagnosed using Hanifin and Rajka major and minor criteria, and severity was determined by Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, with possible scores from 0 to 83, with higher scores indicating more severe AD.ResultsOf the 411 children in the cohort, 203 (49.4%) were male and 186 (45.3%) were diagnosed with AD before the age of 13 years; 40 of 166 children (24.1%) had persistent AD at the age of 13 years, and 126 (76.0%) experienced remission. Factors associated with persistent AD to age 13 years included heritability, environmental exposures, asthma and allergic sensitization, clinical presentation at the time of diagnosis, the composition of Hanifin and Rajka diagnostic minor criteria, and AD severity according to SCORAD. A higher AD genetic risk score was associated with an increased the risk for persistent AD (multivariable odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.9; P = .02), together with paternal asthma (multivariable OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.2-11.5; P = .02); paternal AD (multivariable OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.17-23.2; P = .007), and higher social circumstances (multivariable OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.5; P = .05). Particular clinical presentations at time of diagnosis were also associated with specific minor criteria of Hanifin and Rajka (Dennie-Morgan and anterior neck folds, white dermographism, intolerance to wool, itching when sweating, tendency to skin infection, food intolerance, and food allergy) (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.1-6.2; P = .03) as well as increased severity at diagnosis (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1; P = .007).Conclusions and relevanceIn a birth cohort of children at risk for asthma who received close clinical follow-up to age 13 years, known genetic AD risk variants, paternal asthma and AD, high social circumstances, diagnostic minor criteria, and disease severity at onset were associated with persistent AD at age 13 years. These findings may be applied in clinical practice to evaluate the likely disease course for individual patients.
| S-EPMC6439574 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is the initial step of the "atopic march", a progression from AD to asthma, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Selective expression of IL-13 in the skin of mice caused an AD phenotype resembling human AD, and the disorder was associated with enhanced production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the AD skin with a systemic Th2 immunity. Here we show that IL-13 transgenic mice with AD had significantly enhanced lung inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) when sensitized and challenged by allergen. In addition, the level of TSLP was significantly higher in acute AD than in chronic AD. Furthermore, elimination of TSLP signaling significantly diminished the allergic asthma responses, immune cell production of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13), and serum IgE. These studies indicate that IL-13 induces AD and atopic march via a TSLP dependent mechanism.
| S-EPMC3251897 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic itch and inflammatory disorder of the skin that affects one in ten people. Patients suffering from severe AD eventually progress to develop asthma and allergic rhinitis, in a process known as the "atopic march." Signaling between epithelial cells and innate immune cells via the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is thought to drive AD and the atopic march. Here, we report that epithelial cells directly communicate to cutaneous sensory neurons via TSLP to promote itch. We identify the ORAI1/NFAT calcium signaling pathway as an essential regulator of TSLP release from keratinocytes, the primary epithelial cells of the skin. TSLP then acts directly on a subset of TRPA1-positive sensory neurons to trigger robust itch behaviors. Our results support a model whereby calcium-dependent TSLP release by keratinocytes activates both primary afferent neurons and immune cells to promote inflammatory responses in the skin and airways.
| S-EPMC4041105 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, relapsing and heterogeneous inflammatory skin disease. Its main causes are genetic predispositions, the epidermal barrier defect, and immune system dysfunction. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is highly expressed in the epidermis of AD patients and its production is triggered by exposure to environmental factors, allergens, microorganisms and irritants.AimTo search for the associations between rs1898671 polymorphism in the promotor region of the TSLP gene (SNP) and AD occurrence and course.Material and methodsThe frequency of polymorphism occurrence was examined, connection with IgE level, the severity of AD, itching, and concomitant asthma occurrence and combination with FLG gene mutations (2282del4, R501X) in the population of northern Poland. Blood samples were collected from 239 patients with AD and 170 controls. SNP of TSLP and FLG null mutations were analysed. PCR and RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used.ResultsNo polymorphisms of studied cytokines caused more frequent occurrence of AD compared to controls. We found no associations between TSLP gene polymorphism and AD severity (p = 0.395), IgE level (p = 0.895), VAS (p = 0.918) or concomitant asthma (p = 0.742).ConclusionsThe SNP of TSLP rs1898671 does not influence the AD course and occurrence. 2282del4 FLG mutation is a key influencer in AD. However, the coexistence of FLG mutations and SNP of TSLP may play a protective role.
| S-EPMC8953872 | biostudies-literature