Dataset Information

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Effect of monochromatic green light illumination on embryo development has been reported in chickens. The avian pineal gland is an important photo-endocrine organ formed by a mediodorsal protrusion during embryonic development. However, the involvement of pineal gland in the light transduction process remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the influence of monochromatic green light on hatching time and explored the possible mechanism via pineal function.

Results

A total of 600 eggs of White Leghorn (Shaver strain) were incubated under photoperiods of either 12?h of light and 12?h of darkness using monochromatic green light (12L:12D group) or 24?h of darkness (0L:24D group) for 18 d. Compared to 0L:24D group, the green light stimulation shortened the hatching time without extending the hatch window or impairing hatchability. The liver of embryos incubated in the 12L:12D light condition was heavier than those of the 0L:24D group on d 21 post incubation which may be linked to the observed increase in the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1); primary secretion of the liver. Histological structure analysis of pineal gland demonstrated that the light stimulation increased follicle area, wall thickness and lumen area on d 10 and d 12 post incubation. Rhythmic function analysis demonstrated that three clock related genes (brain and muscle ARNT-like-1, BMAL1; circadian locomotor output cycles kaput, CLOCK; and cryptochrome-1, CRY1) and a melatonin rate-limiting enzyme related gene (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, AANAT) were rhythmically expressed in the pineal gland of the 12L:12D group, but not in the 0L:24D group. Simultaneously, the light stimulation also increased the concentration of melatonin (MT), which was linked to hepatocyte proliferation and IGF-1 secretion in previous studies.

Conclusions

The 12L:12D monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened hatching time without impairing hatching performance. Pineal gland's early histological development and maturation of its rhythmic function were accelerated by the light stimulation. It may be the key organ in the photo-endocrine axis that regulates embryo development, and the potential mechanism could be through enhanced secretion of MT in the 12L:12D group which promotes the secretion of IGF-1.

SUBMITTER: Wang P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7856796 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs.

Wang Panlin P Sun Yanyan Y Li Yunlei Y Fan Jing J Zong Yunhe Y Isa Adamu Mani AM Shi Lei L Wang Yuanmei Y Ni Aixin A Ge Pingzhuang P Jiang Linlin L Bian Shixiong S Ma Hui H Yuan Zhengdong Z Liu Xiaolin X Chen Jilan J

Journal of animal science and biotechnology 20210202 1

<h4>Background</h4>Effect of monochromatic green light illumination on embryo development has been reported in chickens. The avian pineal gland is an important photo-endocrine organ formed by a mediodorsal protrusion during embryonic development. However, the involvement of pineal gland in the light transduction process remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the influence of monochromatic green light on hatching time and explored the possible mechanism via pineal functio ...[more]

PMID: 33531070

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Project description:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 16L:8D photoperiod with green (GREEN) or white (WHITE) lights during incubation on hatching performance, blood melatonin, corticosterone, and serotonin levels, hypothalamic expressions of genes related to photoreception, serotonin, and stress systems in layers in relation with feather pecking behavior. Dark incubation (DARK) was the control. Eggs (n = 1,176) from Brown Nick breeders in 2 batches (n = 588/batch) were incubated in the experiment. A total of 396 female chicks and 261 hens were used at rearing and laying periods until 40 wk. Incubation lighting did not affect hatchability, day-old chick weight, and length, but resulted in a more synchronized hatch as compared with the DARK. The effect of incubation lighting on blood hormones was not significant except for reduced serotonin in the GREEN group at the end of the experiment. There was no effect of incubation lighting on gentle, severe, and aggressive pecking of birds during the early rearing period. From 16 wk, GREEN hens showed increased gentle pecking with increasing age. WHITE hens had the highest gentle pecking frequency at 16 wk while they performed less gentle but higher severe and aggressive pecks at 24 and 32 wk. At hatching, the hypothalamic expression of CRH, 5-HTR1A, and 5-HTR1B was higher for the WHITE group compared with both GREEN and DARK, however, 5-HTT expression was higher in GREEN than WHITE which was similar to DARK. Except for the highest VA opsin expression obtained for WHITE hens at 40 wk of age, there was no change in hypothalamic expression levels of rhodopsin, VA opsin, red, and green opsins at any age. Although blood hormone levels were not consistent, results provide preliminary evidence that incubation lighting modulates the pecking tendencies of laying hens, probably through the observed changes in hypothalamic expression of genes related to the serotonin system and stress. Significant correlations among the hypothalamic gene expression levels supplied further evidence for the associations among photoreception, serotonin, and stress systems.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti Linnaeus is a peridomestic mosquito that lays desiccation-resistant eggs in water-filled human-made containers. Previous investigations connected egg hatching with declining dissolved oxygen (DO) that is associated with bacterial growth. However, past studies failed to uncouple DO from other potential stimulatory factors and they contained little quantitative information about the microbial community; consequently, a direct role for bacteria or compounds associated with bacteria in stimulating egg hatching cannot be dismissed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Environmental factors stimulating hatch of Ae. aegypti eggs were investigated using non-sterile and sterile white oak leaf (WOL) infusions and a bacterial culture composed of a mix of 14 species originally isolated from bamboo leaf infusion. In WOL infusion with active microbes, 92.4% of eggs hatched in 2-h at an average DO concentration of 2.4 ppm. A 24-h old bacterial culture with a DO concentration of 0.73 ppm also stimulated 95.2% of eggs hatch within 1-h. In contrast, only 4.0% of eggs hatched in sterile infusion, whose DO averaged 7.4 ppm. Effects of bacteria were uncoupled from DO by exposing eggs to bacterial cells suspended in NaCl solution. Over a 4-h exposure period, 93.8% of eggs hatched while DO concentration changed minimally from 7.62 to 7.50 ppm. Removal of bacteria by ultra-filtration and cell-free filtrate resulted in only 52.0% of eggs hatching after 4-h at an average DO concentration of 5.5 ppm. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Collectively, the results provide compelling evidence that bacteria or water-soluble compounds secreted by bacteria, not just low DO concentration, stimulate hatching of Ae. aegypti eggs. However, the specific cues involved remain to be identified. These research findings contribute new insight into an important aspect of the oviposition biology of Ae. aegypti, a virus vector of global importance, providing the basis for a new paradigm of environmental factors involved in egg hatching.

Dataset Information

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs.

Background

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs.

Similar Datasets

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