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miR-30a targets gene networks that promote browning of human and mouse adipocytes.

ABSTRACT: MicroRNA-30a (miR-30a) impacts adipocyte function, and its expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) correlates with insulin sensitivity in obesity. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrates that miR-30a expression contributes to 2% of all miRNA expression in human tissues. However, molecular mechanisms of miR-30a function in fat cells remain unclear. Here, we expanded our understanding of how miR-30a expression contributes to antidiabetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonist activity and metabolic functions in adipocytes. We found that WAT isolated from diabetic patients shows reduced miR-30a levels and diminished expression of the canonical PPARγ target genes ADIPOQ and FABP4 relative to lean counterparts. In human adipocytes, miR-30a required PPARγ for maximal expression, and the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone robustly induced miR-30a but not other miR-30 family members. Transcriptional activity studies in human adipocytes also revealed that ectopic expression of miR-30a enhanced the activity of rosiglitazone coupled with higher expression of fatty acid and glucose metabolism markers. Diabetic mice that overexpress ectopic miR-30a in subcutaneous WAT display durable reductions in serum glucose and insulin levels for more than 30 days. In agreement with our in vitro findings, RNA-seq coupled with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that miR-30a enabled activation of the beige fat program in vivo, as evidenced by enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and induction of UCP1 expression. Metabolomic and gene expression profiling established that the long-term effects of ectopic miR-30a expression enable accelerated glucose metabolism coupled with subcutaneous WAT hyperplasia. Together, we establish a putative role of miR-30a in mediating PPARγ activity and advancing metabolic programs of white to beige fat conversion.

SUBMITTER: Saha PK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7864240 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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miR-30a targets gene networks that promote browning of human and mouse adipocytes.

Saha Pradip K PK Hamilton Mark P MP Rajapakshe Kimal K Putluri Vasanta V Felix Jessica B JB Masschelin Peter P Cox Aaron R AR Bajaj Mandeep M Putluri Nagireddy N Coarfa Cristian C Hartig Sean M SM

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 20200817 4

MicroRNA-30a (miR-30a) impacts adipocyte function, and its expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) correlates with insulin sensitivity in obesity. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrates that miR-30a expression contributes to 2% of all miRNA expression in human tissues. However, molecular mechanisms of miR-30a function in fat cells remain unclear. Here, we expanded our understanding of how miR-30a expression contributes to antidiabetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ...[more]

PMID: 32799658

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Project description:Background/objectivesMyostatin (Mstn) has a pivotal role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Mstn deficiency leads to the increased browning of white adipose tissue (WAT), which results in the increased energy expenditure and protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism(s) through which Mstn regulates browning of white adipocytes.MethodsQuantitative molecular analyses were performed to assess Mstn regulation of miR-34a and Fndc5 expression. miR-34a was overexpressed and repressed to investigate miR-34a regulation of Fndc5. Luciferase reporter analysis verified direct binding between miR-34a and the Fndc5 3'-untranslated region (UTR). The browning phenotype of Mstn-/- adipocytes was assessed through the analysis of brown fat marker gene expression, mitochondrial function and infrared thermography. The role of miR-34a and Fndc5 in this browning phenotype was verified through antibody-mediated neutralization of FNDC5, knockdown of Fndc5 by small interfering RNA and through miR-34a gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments.ResultsMstn treatment of myoblasts inhibited Fndc5 expression, whereas the loss of Mstn increased Fndc5 levels in muscles and in circulation. Mstn inhibition of Fndc5 is miR-34a dependent. Mstn treatment of C2C12 myoblasts upregulated miR-34a expression, whereas reduced miR-34a expression was noted in Mstn-/- muscle and WAT. Subsequent overexpression of miR-34a inhibited Fndc5 expression, whereas blockade of miR-34a increased Fndc5 expression in myoblasts. Reporter analysis revealed that miR-34a directly suppresses Fndc5 expression through a miR-34a-specific binding site within the Fndc5 3'UTR. Importantly, Mstn-mediated inhibition of Fndc5 was blocked upon miR-34a inhibition. Mstn-/- adipocytes showed reduced miR-34a, enhanced Fndc5 expression and increased thermogenic gene expression, which was reversed upon either neutralization of Fndc5 or Fndc5 knockdown. In agreement, Mstn-/- adipocytes have increased mitochondria, improved mitochondrial function and increased heat production.ConclusionsMstn regulates Fndc5/Irisin expression and secretion through a novel miR-34a-dependent post-transcriptional mechanism. Loss of Mstn in mice leads to the increased Fndc5/Irisin expression, which contributes to the browning of white adipocytes.

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miR-30a targets gene networks that promote browning of human and mouse adipocytes.

Publications

<i>miR-30a</i> targets gene networks that promote browning of human and mouse adipocytes.

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