Dataset Information

Investigation of Dracunculiasis Transmission among Humans, Chad, 2013-2017.

ABSTRACT: Dracunculiasis, slated for global eradication, typically is acquired by drinking stagnant water containing microscopic crustaceans (copepods) infected with Dracunculus medinensis larvae, causing clusters of case persons with worms emerging from the skin. Following a 10-year absence of reported cases, 9-17 sporadic human cases with few epidemiologic links have been reported annually in Chad since 2010; dog infections have also been reported since 2012. We conducted an investigation of human cases in Chad to identify risk factors. We conducted a case-control study using a standardized questionnaire to assess water and aquatic animal consumption, and links to dog infections. Case persons had laboratory-confirmed D. medinensis during 2013-2017. Each case person was matched to one to three controls without history of disease by age, gender, and residency in the village where the case person was likely infected. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) using simple conditional logistic regression. We enrolled 25 case persons with 63 matched controls. Dracunculiasis was associated with consumption of untreated water from hand-dug wells (OR: 13.4; 95% CI: 1.7-108.6), but neither with consumption of aquatic animals nor presence of infected dogs in villages. Unsafe water consumption remains associated with dracunculiasis. Education of populations about consuming safe water and using copepod filters to strain unsafe water should continue and expand, as should efforts to develop and maintain safe drinking water sources. Nevertheless, the peculiar epidemiology in Chad remains incompletely explained. Future studies of dogs might identify other risk factors.

SUBMITTER: Liu EW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7866328 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Investigation of Dracunculiasis Transmission among Humans, Chad, 2013-2017.

Liu Eugene W EW Sircar Anita D AD Matchanga Kolio K Mahamat Ada Mbang AM Ngarhor Neloumta N Ouakou Philip Tchindebet PT Zirimwabagabo Hubert H Ruiz-Tiben Ernesto E Sankara Dieudonné D Wiegand Ryan R Roy Sharon L SL

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20201207 2

Dracunculiasis, slated for global eradication, typically is acquired by drinking stagnant water containing microscopic crustaceans (copepods) infected with Dracunculus medinensis larvae, causing clusters of case persons with worms emerging from the skin. Following a 10-year absence of reported cases, 9-26 sporadic human cases with few epidemiologic links have been reported annually in Chad since 2010; dog infections have also been reported since 2012. We conducted an investigation of human cases ...[more]

PMID: 33289475

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To report summative data from the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Committee on Trauma (VetCOT) registry. DESIGN:Multi-institutional veterinary trauma registry data report. SETTING:VetCOT identified veterinary trauma centers (VTCs). ANIMALS:Dogs and cats with evidence of trauma presented to VTCs with data entered in the VetCOT registry September 1, 2013-March 31, 2017. INTERVENTIONS:VetCOT created a standardized data collection methodology for dog and cat trauma. Data were input to a web-based data capture system (REDCap) by data entry personnel trained in data software use and operational definitions of data variables. Data on demographics, trauma type (blunt vs penetrating), preadmission care, hospitalization and intensive care requirement, trauma severity assessment at presentation (eg, modified Glasgow coma scale and animal trauma triage score), key laboratory parameters, necessity for surgical intervention, and case outcome were collected. Summary descriptive data for each species are reported. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Twenty-nine VTCs in North America, Europe, and Australia contributed information from 17,335 dog and 3,425 cat trauma cases during the 42-month reporting period. A large majority of cases presented directly to the VTC after injury (80.4% dogs and 78.1% cats). Blunt trauma was the most common source for injury in cats (56.7%); penetrating trauma was the most common source for injury in dogs (52.3%). Note that 43.8% of dogs and 36.2% of cats were reported to have surgery performed. The proportion surviving to discharge was 92.0% (dogs) and 82.5% (cats). CONCLUSIONS:The VetCOT registry proved to be a powerful resource for collection of a large dataset on trauma in dogs and cats seen at VTCs. While overall survival to discharge was quite high, further evaluation of data on subsets of injury types, patient assessment parameters, interventions, and associated outcome are warranted.

Dataset Information

Investigation of Dracunculiasis Transmission among Humans, Chad, 2013-2017.

Publications

Investigation of Dracunculiasis Transmission among Humans, Chad, 2013-2017.

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