COVID-19 vaccines and kidney disease.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Windpessl M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7869766 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic has posed a huge threat to global health because of its rapid spread and various mutant variants. Critical illness occurs in the elderly and vulnerable individuals, such as those with chronic kidney disease. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD)and even kidney transplantation (KT) because of the chronic use of immunosuppressive agents. To develop adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2, vaccination against the spike protein is important. Current phase III trials of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have not focused on a specific group of individuals, such as patients with CKD or those undergoing dialysis or kidney transplantation. Chronic use of immunosuppressive agents might disturb the immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. On the basis of limited evidence, the immune compromised status of CKD patients might decrease neutralizing antibody development after a single dose of a specific vaccine. Boosting dosage more than the protocol might increase the titer of the neutralizing antibody in CKD patients. Further evidence is needed to understand the factors disturbing the immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and CKD patients should receive the recommended dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine due to their relatively immune compromised status.
| S-EPMC8402591 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7870446 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that has rapidly spread across the world with a detrimental effect on the global population. Several reports have highlighted an increased mortality rate and a higher severity of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease (CKD) individuals. Upon the development of various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, mRNA vaccines including BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 were deemed safe, with a high efficacy in preventing COVID-19 in the general population. This review investigates whether SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are as effective in triggering an immune response in Dialysis Patients (DPs) and Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs) and if a third dose is required in this population. Methods: A systematic search employing the PRISMA criteria was conducted in several major databases, with the data being extracted from publications for the period January 2021 to May 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022338514, June 15, 2022). Results: 80 studies were included in this analysis with a total cohort number of 15,059 participants. Overall, 85.29% (OR = 17.08, 95% CI = 15.84-18.42, I 2 = 98%) and 41.06% (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.48-0.5, I 2 = 95%) of DPs and KTRs included in this review showed positive seroconversion after two doses of either mRNA vaccine, respectively. A total 76% (OR = 6.53, 95% CI = 5.63-7.5, I 2 = 96%) of the cohort given a third dose of an mRNA vaccine demonstrated positive seroconversion, with 61.86% (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.95-2.75 I 2 = 95%) of the cohort that was assessed for a cellular response displaying a positive response. Conclusions: This data emphasises a reduced incidence of a positive immune response in DPs and KTRs compared to healthy controls, albeit a better response in DPs than when compared to KTRs alone was observed. A third dose appears to increase the occurrence of an immune response in the overall DP/KTR cohort.
| S-EPMC9732501 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at high-risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The multicentric, observational and prospective SENCOVAC study aims to describe the humoral response and safety of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in CKD patients. Safety and immediate humoral response results are reported here.MethodsFour cohorts of patients were included: kidney transplant (KT) recipients, and haemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and non-dialysis CKD patients from 50 Spanish centres. Adverse events after vaccine doses were recorded. At baseline and on Day 28 after the last vaccine dose, anti-Spike antibodies were measured and compared between cohorts. Factors associated with development of anti-Spike antibodies were analysed.ResultsA total of 1746 participants were recruited: 1116 HD, 171 PD, 176 non-dialysis CKD patients and 283 KT recipients. Most patients (98%) received mRNA vaccines. At least one vaccine reaction developed after the first dose in 763 (53.5%) and after the second dose in 741 (54.5%) of patients. Anti-Spike antibodies were measured in the first 301 patients. At 28 days, 95% of patients had developed antibodies: 79% of KT, 98% of HD, 99% of PD and 100% of non-dialysis CKD patients (P < 0.001). In a multivariate adjusted analysis, absence of an antibody response was independently associated with KT (odds ratio 20.56, P = 0.001) and with BNT162b2 vaccine (odds ratio 6.03, P = 0.023).ConclusionThe rate of anti-Spike antibody development after vaccination in KT patients was low but in other CKD patients it approached 100%, suggesting that KT patients require persistent isolation measures and booster doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Potential differences between COVID-19 vaccines should be explored in prospective controlled studies.
| S-EPMC8767866 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated excellent short-term safety in phase 3 trials. However, no kidney transplant recipients (KTR) were included. The aim of the study was to assess the safety and tolerability of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in KTR.Materials and methodsA longitudinal controlled study was conducted in 300 KTR and 143 control patients (CRL) without chronic kidney disease who had received 2-dose vaccinations with the mRNA vaccine. Solicited local and systemic reactogenicity and unsolicited adverse events were assessed with a standardized questionnaire. The toxicity grading scales were derived from the FDA guidelines.ResultsKTR (62.7% men) with a median (interquartile range) age of 53 (41-63) and transplant vintage of 7.25 (3-13) years did not differ with respect to age and sex distribution from CRL. One hundred percent CRL and 83.3% KTR were vaccinated with BNT162b2 (BionTech/Pfizer); 16.7% KTR received mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. Any local reactions were present in 84.7% (first dose) and 65.3% (second dose) KTR vs 67.1% and 60.1% CRL within 7 days after the vaccination. Any systemic reactions were reported by 26.7% (first dose) and 20.9% (second dose) KTR vs 24.7 and 35.7% CRL. The most common systemic reactions in KTR were fatigue, headache and myalgia. No serious adverse events were observed. Many systemic reactions were observed less frequently in KTR than CRL. Younger KTR (<54 years) reported any local and any systemic reactions significantly more frequently than older patients.ConclusionmRNA COVID-19 vaccines are safe and well-tolerated by KTR. The results may resolve patients' doubts and reduce their vaccine hesitancy.
| S-EPMC8926897 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This article is a narrative review of the rapidly moving coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine field with an emphasis on clinical efficacy established in both randomized trials and postmarketing surveillance of clinically available vaccines. We review the major clinical trials that supported authorization for general use of the Janssen (Ad.26.CoV2), Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), and Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccines and the publicly available postmarketing information with the goal of providing a broad, clinically relevant comparison of efficacy and safety. This review is primarily focused on the US market.
| S-EPMC8802612 | biostudies-literature
Project description:COVID-19 is a pandemic of unprecedented proportions in recent human history. Less than 18 months since the onset of the pandemic, there are close to two hundred million confirmed cases and four million deaths worldwide. There have also been massive efforts geared towards finding safe and effective vaccines. By July 2021 there were 184 COVID-19 vaccine candidates in pre-clinical development, 105 in clinical development, and 18 vaccines approved for emergency use by at least one regulatory authority. These vaccines include whole virus live attenuated or inactivated, protein-based, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. By mid-2021 three billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine have been administered around the world, mostly in high-income countries. COVID-19 vaccination provides hope for an end to the pandemic, if and only if there would be equal access and optimal uptake in all countries around the world.
| S-EPMC8272971 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic has caused mayhem globally since the beginning of 2020. Owing to the immune dysfunction inherent to cirrhosis and the poor general condition, patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at higher risk of mortality and morbidity due to COVID-19. Recently, a number of vaccines against SARS-Cov-2 have been approved for emergency use around the globe. Although the phase 2/3 trials of these vaccines show them to be safe and effective in the general population, data in patients with CLD are scarce. The number of patients with CLD enrolled on these trials is small, and no liver-related adverse effects have been reported yet. Various liver societies have come up with guidelines on vaccination in this population and recommend vaccination on a priority basis. Trials to assess the safety and efficacy of the COVID vaccines are underway and are likely to provide valuable insight into this matter.
| S-EPMC8214314 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The causative organism, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in disease-ridden patients. Differences in the severity of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic infections and mild cases to the severe form, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiorgan failure with poor survival. MiRNAs can regulate various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, by binding to the 3′UTR of target mRNAs inducing their degradation, thus serving a fundamental role in post-transcriptional repression. Alterations of miRNA levels in the blood have been described in multiple inflammatory and infectious diseases, including SARS-related coronaviruses. We used microarrays to delineate the miRNAs and snoRNAs signature in the peripheral blood of severe COVID-19 cases (n=9), as compared to mild (n=10) and asymptomatic (n=10) patients, and identified differentially expressed transcripts in severe versus asymptomatic, and others in severe versus mild COVID-19 cases. A cohort of 29 male age-matched patients were selected. All patients were previously diagnosed with COVID-19 using TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts), or Cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland), with a CT value < 30. Additional criterion for selection was age between 35 and 75 years. Participants were grouped into severe, mild and asymptomatic. Classifying severe cases was based on requirement of high-flow oxygen support and ICU admission (n=9). Whereas mild patients were identified based on symptoms and positive radiographic findings with pulmonary involvement (n=10). Patients with no clinical presentation were labelled as asymptomatic cases (n=10).
2022-03-01 | E-MTAB-10970 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Given the interest in the COVID mRNA vaccines, we sought to investigate how the RNA modification N1-methylpseudouridine (and its related modification, pseudouridine) is read by ribosomes and reverse transcriptases. By looking at reverse transcriptase data, we can gain information on how the modification affects duplex stability, which may have important consequences for the tRNA-mRNA interactions found in the ribosome.
2021-10-25 | GSE186464 | GEO